摘要
以2、3、4连栋拱棚为试验棚体,采用原位观测和CFD分析相结合的方法,研究了3种拱棚的抗风、通风及热湿性能,以期通过总结棚内微环境时空演化规律,为夏季避雨栽培连栋拱棚连栋数的合理选择提供参考依据。结果表明:随着连栋数增加中间各跨棚顶外围所受气流阻滞作用增强;棚内气流通道显著影响温湿度时空分布,连栋数增加出风口风速减小,棚内靠近出风口一侧的边跨的温度、相对湿度均增大,温度分布的不均匀性大于相对湿度,以紧邻出风口测点为例,2、3、4连栋拱棚的温度、相对湿度分别为30.44、31.07、31.82℃和60.99%、61.72%、62.59%;针对该研究种植番茄的连栋拱棚,完全开启侧向通风口可引导气流主要流经成熟期番茄的冠层高度,使得冠层处温度和相对湿度在竖直方向最低,利于夏季高温季节避雨栽培。对比3种连栋数的拱棚,从通风、降温除湿效果进行分析,建议夏季避雨栽培,连栋拱棚以2、3连栋为宜。
Taking 2-,3-and 4-span arched greenhouses as experimental greenhouses, the combination of in-situ observation and CFD analysis is adopted, the wind resistance, ventilation and hygrothermal performance of the three kinds of arched greenhouses were studied, in order to provide a reference for the rational selection of the number of multi-span arched greenhouses for Rain-shelter-cultivation in summer by summarizing the temporal and spatial evolution laws of the microenvironment in the greenhouses.The results showed that with the increasing of the number of multi-span, the air flow blocking effect on the periphery of the middle span roof was enhanced.The air passage in the greenhouses significantly affected the temporal and spatial distribution of temperature and relative humidity, and the outlet wind speed decreased with the increasing of the number of multi-span.The more number of multi-span, the higher the temperature and relative humidity of the side span near the air outlet, and the non-uniformity of the temperature distribution was greater than the relative humidity.Taking the monitoring points close to the air outlet as an example, the temperature and relative humidity of 2-,3-and 4-span arched greenhouses were 30.44 ℃,31.07 ℃,31.82 ℃ and 60.99%,61.72%,62.59% respectively.For the multi-span arched greenhouses planted tomato in this study, fully opening the lateral vent could guide the airflow mainly through the height of the mature tomato canopy, so that the temperature and relative humidity at the canopy were the lowest in the vertical direction, which was conducive to rain shelter cultivation in high temperature season in summer.In order to achieve better natural ventilation effect and land usage ratio, it is suggested that 2-,3-span arched greenhouses should be adopted for shelter cultivation for avoiding rain in summer.
作者
吕鑫
徐雨晴
王少杰
贾聪
吴昆
魏珉
LYU Xin;XU Yuqing;WANG Shaojie;JIA Cong;WU Kun;WEI Min(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an,Shandong 271018;College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an,Shandong 271018;College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an,Shandong 271018)
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第17期49-58,共10页
Northern Horticulture
基金
国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-23-C04)
国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项资助项目(2017YFE0195300)
中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2017M622239)。
关键词
连栋拱形塑料大棚
风压系数
自然通风
拱棚环境调控
微气候
multi-span arched plastic greenhouse
wind pressure coefficient
natural ventilation
environment control of the arched plastic greenhouse
microclimate
