现代文化转型视野下的汉字拼音化实践——以国语罗马字为中心的考察被引量：4

On Producing Chinese Pingyin Characters Based on Roman Letters from the Phonetic Practice of Chinese Characters from the Perspective of Modern Culture Transformation:A Study of Gwoyeu Romatzyh

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摘要新文化运动期间,"汉字改革"的话题在《新青年》上保持了持续热度,用罗马字母创制独立的汉语拼音文字,成为一些新文化人的理想预案。新文化运动之后,伴随着国语运动的进一步展开,一方面出现了若干有利于创制汉语罗马字母拼音文字的现实语言条件,另一方面官方的参与也为有志于此项事业的学者提供了人事平台,从而最终促成了国语罗马字方案的面世。国民政府时期,国语罗马字以承认注音字母地位为前提最终实现了合法化,成为近代中国第一个被官方认可的罗马字母汉语注音方案。尽管注音字母的存在限制了国语罗马字发挥作用的空间,但1949年之后中华人民共和国所制定的具有法律效力的《汉语拼音方案》,在技术和功能定位上与国语罗马字方案存在明显的历史继承性,这在某种程度上亦间接印证了其现代性和合理性。 During the New Culture Movement, the topic of "Chinese character reform" kept a continuous heat in the New Youth journal, and the creation of independent Chinese Pinyin characters with Latin alphabet became an ideal plan for some new intellectuals. After the New Culture Movement, with the further advancing of the National Language Movement supported by the government, the best practical conditions that favored the creation of Chinese Pinyin characters via Roman letters had formed, and additionally the participation of government also offered the best communication personnel platform for those intellectuals who were devoted to this reforming cause, and ultimately these factors jointly accelerated the debut of the Chinese romanization scheme, which was finally accepted as the legitimate solution by Nanjing National Government, and which was the first officially recognized solution that use Roman letters for phonetic notation. The existence of the phonetic notation greatly limits the space for the "Gwoyeu Romatzyh" to play a role, but the Chinese romanization scheme and the legitimized Chinese Pinyin scheme which was made after the 1949 by the new government of the People’s Republic of China display some noticeable historical continuity in terms of technology and function orientation, which, to some extent, indirectly confirms the modernity and rationality of the Chinese romanization scheme.

作者湛晓白 ZHAN Xiaobai(School of History,BNLK Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区北京师范大学历史学院

出处《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》 CSSCI 北大核心 2021年第5期111-125,共15页 Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基金国家社会科学基金一般项目“新文化视野下的民国国语运动研究”(17BZS078)。

关键词国语运动国语罗马字注音字母钱玄同 National Language Movement Gwoyeu Romatzyh phonetic notation QIAN Xuantong

分类号 K25 [历史地理—中国史]