摘要
由于毛乌素沙地生态环境脆弱,干旱少雨,蒸发强度大,因此研究毛乌素沙地风积沙表面蒸发规律,对该地区的水资源管理与生态保护具有重要意义。以毛乌素沙地风积沙为研究对象,开展了4种初始含水率、5种温度条件下的土面蒸发和水面蒸发对比试验。通过试验,分析了不同温度和不同初始含水率风积沙的蒸发规律,探讨了土面蒸发与水面蒸发、初始含水率以及土壤温度之间的关系。结果表明:当土壤温度一定时,蒸发量随着初始含水率的增高而不断增大,达到最大蒸发量时,土面蒸发趋于稳定;蒸发强度随着时间不断变化,当蒸发达到稳定状态以后,其基本呈现减小的趋势。根据试验结果,构建了以土面蒸发强度E土为因变量,土壤温度T、初始含水率θ及水面蒸发强度E水为自变量的多因素模型,即:E_(土)=1.551T-0.0001θ2+0.14547 E_(水)ln E_(水)+2.96274。
The ecological environment of Mu Us sandy land is fragile,dry and rainless,and the evaporation intensity is high.The study on the surface evaporation law of the aeolian sand in Mu Us sandy land is of great significance for water resources management and ecological protection in this area.Taking the aeolian sand in Mu Us sandy land as the research object,the comparative experimental study of soil surface evaporation and water surface evaporation under four initial moisture contents and five temperatures is carried out.Through experiments,the evaporation law of aeolian sand with different temperatures and initial moisture content is analyzed,and the relationship between soil surface evaporation and water surface evaporation,initial moisture content and soil temperature is discussed.The results show that when the soil temperature is constant,the evaporation increases with the increase of initial water content.When the maximum evaporation is reached,the soil surface evaporation tends to be stable.The evaporation intensity changes with time.When the evaporation reaches a stable state,it basically shows a decreasing trend.According to the test results,a multi factor model with soil surface evaporation intensity E土as dependent variables and soil temperature T,initial water contentθand water surface evaporation intensity E_(水)as independent variables is constructed.The formula is E土=1.551T-0.0001θ2+0.14547E_(水)ln E水+2.96274.
作者
乔翠平
王金娜
王艳艳
孔令莹
王展
QIAO Cuiping;WANG Jinna;WANG Yanyan;KONG Lingying;WANG Zhan(North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Institute of Henan Geological and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
出处
《华北水利水电大学学报（自然科学版）》
北大核心
2021年第5期102-108,共7页
Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power：Natural Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41372260)。
关键词
毛乌素沙地
风积沙
土面蒸发
水面蒸发
累积蒸发量
蒸发强度
Mu Us sandy land
aeolian sand
soil surface evaporation
water surface evaporation
cumulative evaporation
evaporation intensity
