摘要
多倍体与2倍体植物之间的生态位分化是多倍体植物成功建立的重要条件。2倍体、4倍体和6倍体猕猴桃分布在不同的地区,目前尚不明确不同倍性猕猴桃之间是否发生了明显的生态位分化,也不明确影响不同倍性猕猴桃生态位的主要环境因子。本研究通过文献查阅和野外调查收集不同倍性猕猴桃的自然分布点,利用最大熵模型预测不同倍性猕猴桃在当前气候条件下的潜在适生区及影响其分布的主导气候因子,并通过生态位一致性检验评估不同倍性猕猴桃间的生态位差异。结果表明:不同倍性猕猴桃的潜在适生区存在明显差异,2倍体猕猴桃的高适生区集中在海拔较低的湖南丘陵;4倍体猕猴桃的高适生区大部分与2倍体重叠,但有部分向贵州北部、重庆东部区域偏移;6倍体猕猴桃的高适生区则集中分布在贵州大部、湖南西北部、湖北西南部和陕西南部。6倍体猕猴桃明显向高海拔、高纬度地区偏移,并且有更广的高适生区面积。生态位一致性检验证明,2倍体与4倍体猕猴桃有重叠的生态位,而2倍体与6倍体、4倍体与6倍体猕猴桃之间均发生了明显的生态位分化。最冷月最低温(Bio6)和最干月降雨量(Bio14)是影响不同倍性猕猴桃生态位分化的主要环境因素。多倍体猕猴桃在较低的Bio6和Bio14下能保持较高的存在概率,表明多倍体猕猴桃能占据低温、干旱的极端生态位。
Niche shift between polyploid and diploid plants is an important requirement for the success of polyploid.Diploid,tetraploid,and hexaploid of kiwifruit distribute in different areas.Whether there is obvious niche differentiation and the major environmental factors which could influence the ecological niche of different ploidy kiwifruits are still unknown.Based on the natural distribution information collected from literature and by field works,the maximum entropy model(MaxEnt)was used to predict the potentially suitable ranges and the major climatic factors affecting distribution of different ploidy kiwifruits.Niche divergence between different ploidy kiwifruits was quantified by niche identity test.The results showed that there were obvious differences in the potential suitable areas of different ploidy kiwifruits.Diploid occurred in lower altitude Hunan foothills.Tetraploid nearly overlapped with diploid but tended to northern Guizhou and eastern Chongqing.Hexaploid were centered in Guizhou Plateau,northwestern Hunan,southwestern Hubei and southern Shanxi.Hexaploid kiwifruits preferred higher altitudes and latitudes.In addition,the hexaploid had wider highly suitable areas.Results of niche identity test showed overlapped niches between diploid and tetraploid,and different niches between diploid/tetraploid and hexaploid kiwifruits.Minimum temperature of the coldest month(Bio6)and precipitation of the driest month(Bio14)were key environmental factors driving the niche shift of ploidy kiwifruits.Polyploid kiwifruits could maintain a higher probability of existence under lower Bio6 and Bio14,which indicated more extreme niche in cold and arid mountains for polyploids.
作者
刘彩艳
李大卫
杨石建
潘志立
金若涵
陈芳
郭雯
LIU Cai-yan;LI Da-wei;YANG Shi-jian;PAN Zhi-li;JIN Ruo-han;CHEN Fang;GUO Wen(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaption and Evolutionary Ecology,Kunming 650500,China;College of Ecology&Environmental Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;Wuhan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Economic Plant Institute,Yunnan University,Kunming 650504,China)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期3167-3176,共10页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31800334,31760114)
云南省科技厅基础研究计划项目(2019FD004,202101AT070180)资助。
关键词
多倍化
猕猴桃
生态位分化
最大熵模型
环境因素
polyploidization
kiwifruit
niche shift
maximum entropy model
environmental factor
