摘要
目的了解福州市饮水型地方性氟中毒病区防治措施落实效果和病情变化趋势,为及时调整防治措施提供依据。方法调查福州市所有病区村改水情况,改水工程运转情况,测定水氟含量;在每个病区县中随机抽取3个病区村作为固定监测点,调查病区村8~<13岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况,2019年对监测村25岁及以上成人进行尿氟测定。结果2017年6月―2019年6月共调查11个改水工程,所有改水工程均正常运转。工程水氟范围为0.05~0.76 mg/L,水氟合格率100%。共检查8~<13岁儿童1346人(次),氟斑牙检出率为1.26%,氟斑牙指数为0.03。2017―2019年儿童氟斑牙每年检出率依次为1.75%、1.40%和0.67%,各年度间氟斑牙检出率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.062,P=0.357)。2017―2019年儿童氟斑牙病例全部集中于闽侯县,该县检出率分别为21.21%、17.95%和13.04%,各年度间氟斑牙检出率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.616,P=0.700)。该县8~<13岁组氟斑牙检出率分别为4.55%、18.18%、20.00%、20.00%和27.27%,各年龄组间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.499,P=0.346);男女儿童氟斑牙检出率分别为27.66%和8.33%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.037,P=0.014)。2019年共检测成人尿氟样本450份,尿氟范围为0.04~3.76 mg/L,几何均值为0.80 mg/L。结论福州市实施改水降氟措施防治饮水型地方性氟中毒效果良好。应加强动态监测,持续巩固防治成效。
Objective To understand the effect of the prevention measures and the trend of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis in Fuzhou,so as to provide basis for the timely adjustment of the prevention measures.Methods To investigate the situation of water improvement and the operation of water improvement projects in allepidemic villages of the city,and to determine the fluorine content in water.Three villages were randomly selected as fixed monitoring villages in each monitored county.All children aged 8-<13 in the villages were examined for dental fluorosis.Urinary fluoride in adults aged over 25 were detected in 2019.Results A total of 11 water improvement projects were investigated from June 2017 to June 2019.All water improvement projects were in normal operation.The range of fluoride in water was 0.05-0.76 mg/L,and the qualified rate of fluorine in water was 100%.A total of 1346 children(times)aged 8-<13 years were examined from 2017 to 2019.The detection rate of dental fluorosis was 1.26%and fluorosis community index was 0.03.From 2017 to 2019,the detection rate of dental fluorosis were 1.75%,1.40%and 0.67%respectively,and the difference between different years was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=2.062,P=0.357).The cases of dental fluorosis in children from 2017 to 2019 were all concentrated in Minhou County,with the detection rates of 21.21%,17.95%and 13.04%,respectively,and the difference between different years was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.616,P=0.700).The detection rate of dental fluorosis among children aged from 8-<13 were 4.55%,18.18%,20.00%,20.00%and 27.27%,respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.499,P=0.346).The detection rate of dental fluorosis between boys and girls were 27.66%and 8.33%respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.037,P=0.014).A total of 450 samples of adult urine fluoride were detected in 2019,with a range of 0.04-3.76 mg/L and a geometric mean of 0.80 mg/L.Conclusions The effect of changing water supply and reducing fluorine in Fuzhou to prevent drinking water endemic fluorosis is good.Dynamic monitoring should be strengthened to continuously consolidate the effectiveness.
作者
曹祥玉
徐幽琼
廖冬冬
CAO Xiang-yu;XU You-qiong;LIAO Dong-dong(Department for Endemic and Chronic Diseases Prevention and Control,Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou 350004,China)
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期1097-1101,共5页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
基金
福州市卫生健康科技计划项目(2019-S-wp5)。
关键词
饮用水
氟中毒
监测
Drinking water
Fluorosis
Monitoring
