摘要
采用田间试验,研究4种施氮水平下(不施氮;低氮100 kg/hm^(2);中氮230 kg/hm^(2);高氮400 kg/hm^(2))橡胶树产量效应及胶乳矿质养分变化。结果表明,配施磷钾肥条件下,不同氮处理干胶产量介于4.65~6.37 kg,其中高施氮量显著地提高了干胶产量(P<0.05)。随着施氮量的增加,干胶产量呈增加趋势;干胶含量(30.84%~33.96%)和总固形物含量(34.80%~37.92%)呈下降趋势,但不同处理之间差异不显著;胶乳N(7.77~8.49 g/kg)和K(6.42~7.24 g/kg)含量呈增加趋势,而施用氮肥对胶乳P(3.35~3.51 g/kg)和Mg(1.99~2.23 g/kg)含量影响不大。施氮条件下,胶乳N、P、K含量与干胶产量均具有较好的正相关关系。施氮加大了割胶带走N、K和Mg量,且随着施氮的增加呈增加趋势。综上,施用氮肥有助于提升橡胶树干胶产量,高株产是以养分大量损失为代价。
A field experiment was conducted to study the rubber yield and latex mineral nutrients variation under 4 nitrogen(N)levels(0;Low N 100 kg/hm^(2);Medium N 230 kg/hm^(2);High N 400 kg/hm^(2)).Together with phosphate and potash fertilizer,the dry rubber yield of different N treatments was 4.65–6.37 kg,and the dry rubber yield was significantly increased by high N application(P<0.05).With the increase of N application rate,the dry rubber yield increased.The dry rubber content(30.84%–33.96%)and total solids(34.80%–37.92%)both tended to decrease,but no significant difference was found among different treatments.The contents of N(7.77–8.49 g/kg)and K(6.42–7.24 g/kg)in latex tended to increase,while little effect occurred on the contents of P(3.35–3.51 g/kg)and Mg(1.99–2.23 g/kg).With the presence of N application,the content of N,P and K in latex was positively correlated with the dry rubber yield.N application increased the amount of N,K and Mg removed by latex tapping,and tended to be enlarged with the increase of N application.In conclusion,application of N fertilizer contributes to the dry rubber yield increase which is also at the expense of nutrient loss in latex.
作者
王大鹏
吴敏
韦家少
薛欣欣
马照娜
王桂花
茶正早
WANG Dapeng;WU Min;WEI Jiashao;XUE Xinxin;MA Zhaoma;WANG Guihua;CHA Zhengzao(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Rubber Tree Biology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期2549-2554,共6页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
海南省基础与应用基础研究计划项目(No.2019RC327)
中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费项目(No.1630022019007)
国家天然橡胶产业技术体系项目(No.CARS-34-GW-ZP2)。
关键词
橡胶树
施氮量
干胶产量
胶乳矿质养分
Rubber tree
nitrogen fertilizer rate
dry rubber yield
latex mineral nutrients
