摘要
【目的】探明甘薯不同轮作模式对土壤理化性质的影响,为制定贵州省甘薯合理栽培措施提供参考依据。【方法】设置甘薯连作(对照)、甘薯-辣椒轮作、甘薯-莴苣轮作、甘薯-玉米轮作以及休耕共5种处理,研究甘薯不同轮作模式土壤养分、微生物量、土壤酶活性以及重金属含量的变化。【结果】与甘薯连作相比,轮作和休耕后的土壤pH、有机质含量及交换性镁含量降低,速效钾、有效态锰和交换性钙含量增加,其中休耕后土壤有7种养分均显著高于甘薯连作;休耕后,土壤微生物量碳较甘薯连作增加55.7%,微生物量氮增加13.8%;轮作及休耕土壤脲酶活性显著高于甘薯连作,增加40.5%~79.1%,而多酚氧化酶、酸性磷酸酶和纤维二糖水解酶活性显著降低,分别降低10.2%~58.1%、31.8%~68.5%和3.7%~38.1%;各轮作模式土壤镉和汞的含量较甘薯连作分别降低2.3%~10.9%和15.2%~16.5%,甘薯-辣椒轮作和甘薯-玉米轮作能够有效降低土壤铬和铅含量。【结论】休耕有利于改善土壤养分,提高微生物生物量碳和氮的含量,甘薯与辣椒和玉米轮作可有效降低土壤重金属污染。
【Objective】The effects of different rotation patterns on soil physical and chemical properties of sweet potato are studied to provide a reference for formulating rational cultivation measures of sweet potato in Guizhou Province.【Method】Five treatments are set up,including sweet potato continuous cropping(CK),sweet potato-pepper rotation,sweet potato-lettuce rotation,sweet potato-maize rotation and fallowing.The purpose is to study the variation in soil nutrient,microbial quantity,soil enzyme activity and heavy metal content of sweet potato under different rotation patterns.【Result】Compared with sweet potato continuous cropping pattern,soil pH,organic matter content and exchangeable Mg content of rotation and fallowing patterns are decreased,while available K,available Mn and exchangeable Ca content are increased.Seven soil nutrients after fallowing are higher than those of sweet potato continuous cropping pattern significantly.After fallowing,soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen are increased by 55.7%and 13.8%compared with those of sweet potato continuous cropping pattern.Soil urease activity of rotation and fallowing patterns are increased by 40.5%─79.1%compared with those of sweet potato continuous cropping pattern,while polyphenol oxidase,acid phosphatase and CBH activity are decreased by 10.2%─58.1%,31.8%─68.5%and 3.7%─38.1%respectively.Soil Cd and Hg content of different rotation patterns are decreased by 2.3%─10.9%and 15.2%─16.5%separately.Sweet potato-pepper rotation and sweet potato-maize rotation patterns can reduce soil Cr and Pb content effectively.【Conclusion】Fallowing pattern is conducive to improve soil nutrient and increase microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content.The rotation of sweet potato with pepper and maize could decrease soil heavy metal contamination effectively.
作者
罗密
邓仁菊
尹旺
杨航
付梅
王洪亮
宋吉轩
吴巧玉
LUO Mi;DENG Renju;YIN Wang;YANG Hang;FU Mei;WANG Hongliang;SONG Jixuan;WU Qiaoyu(Institute of Biotechnology,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Guizhou General Station of Agricultural Technology Extension,Guiyang,Guizhou 550000;Guizhou Center for Agricultural Science and Technology Development,Guiyang,Guizhou 550000,China)
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2021年第9期21-26,共6页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省科技支撑计划项目“地方特色品种紫云红芯薯提质增效技术研究与应用”[黔科合支撑(2020)1Y054]
贵州省创新平台建设项目“贵州省甘薯工程技术研究中心”[黔科合平台人才(2019)5201]
贵州省农业科学院专项“薯芋类资源收集、保存与创新利用”[黔农科院种质资源(2020)15]。
关键词
甘薯
轮作模式
土壤理化特性
sweet potato
rotation pattern
soil physical and chemical properties
