摘要
目的了解大众对新冠病毒传播及新冠疫苗的认知程度,探讨不同健康传播策略对大众新冠疫苗接种意愿的关联及强度,分析其影响因素,提高疫苗接种率。方法采取自行设计问卷,分整群随机抽样采用面对面和微信填写的方法,于2021年4月17日至5月6日发放调查问卷6953份,收回问卷5240份,回收率75.4%。结果新冠肺炎传播途径知晓率随年龄增加及居住地在农村知晓率呈下降趋势(P<0.05);居住地在农村、初中以下学历的人群新冠疫苗接种意愿较低(P<0.05)。结果显示,大众对新冠传播途径知晓率为85.8%,对疫苗安全性及有效性最为关注。接种意愿受居住地点、职业、受教育程度等多因素影响。结论新冠疫苗的健康教育和宣传需有针对性,对目标群体的宣教应多渠道、强调重点,侧重于对疫苗安全性及有效性的宣教,提高人民接种意愿。
Objective To understand the public’s awareness of COVID-19 transmission and COVID-19 vaccination,investigate the association and intensity of different health communication strategies to public’s willingness of COVID-19 vaccination,and analyze influencing factors for improving the vaccination rate.Methods The survey was carried out by using self-designed questionnaire and methods of face-to-face and filling in WeChat after cluster random sampling.There were 6953 questionnaires delivered from Apr.17,2021 to May 6,2021,and there were 5240 questionnaires taken back and the collection rate was 75.4%.Results The awareness rate of COVID-19 transmission routs increased with age,and showed a descending trend in rural areas(P<0.05).The willingness of COVID-19 vaccination was lower in population in rural areas and population with middle school education(P<0.05).The survey results showed that public’s awareness rate of COVID-19 transmission routs was 85.8%,and they pay more attention to safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine.The willingness of COVID-19 vaccination was affected by many factors including residential locations,occupations and levels of education.Conclusion Health education and promotion of COVID-19 vaccine need to be targeted.The publicity and education for the target group should have multiple channels,key points and focus on safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine for improving public’s willingness of COVID-19 vaccination.
作者
张晓丽
亢彩
何鑫
杨静
Zhang Xiaoli;Kang Cai;He Xin;Yang Jing(Department of Cardiology and Nephrology,Hospital of Chinese PLA 82nd Group Army,Baoding 071000,China;不详)
出处
《中国循证心血管医学杂志》
2021年第10期1250-1252,共3页
Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Cardiovascular Medicine
关键词
新冠疫苗
预防接种
健康传播
COVID-19 vaccine
Vaccination
Health communication
