摘要
生态补水是维持和改善白洋淀生态环境的重要途径.为研究生态补水对白洋淀水环境的影响,分别在补水前与补水后采集淀水、河水及地下水样品,分析区域地表水和地下水水化学特征.结果表明:(1)白洋淀补水前、后地表水与地下水的水化学组成中Na+为主要阳离子,补水后阴离子以HCO3-为主,淀区南部地表水电导率高;补水后地表水与地下水Ca2+、Mg2+和HCO3-浓度显著增加,水体电导率降低.(2)补水前地下水为Na-HCO3型水,地表水主要为Na-Cl·SO4及Na-Cl·HCO3类型;补水后地表水与浅层地下水向Ca·Mg-HCO3型演化,深层地下水水化学类型基本保持不变.(3)生态补水使白洋淀水位升高,淀区水面积增大,缓解了水资源短缺的问题;同时也使浅层地下水水化学组成发生改变,而深层地下水暂未受到影响.生态补水后,受稀释和混合作用的影响,水体Na+、Cl-和SO42-浓度显著下降,Ca2+、Mg2+及HCO3-浓度增加.在白洋淀生态补水中应"先治污,后补水",以减少补水过程中污染物向淀区的运移,还应注意区域地下水位上升过程中的阳离子交换及水岩相互作用,为合理调配生态补水及改善白洋淀生态环境提供科学依据.
Ecological water replenishment is an important way to maintain and improve the ecological environment of Lake Baiyangdian Watershed.In order to study the impact of ecological water replenishment on the water environment of Lake Baiyangdian Watershed,the samples of lake water,river water and groundwater were collected before and after ecological water replenishment respectively,and the hydrochemical characteristics of surface water and groundwater were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)Before and after ecological water replenishment,sodium-ion was the main cation in the hydrochemical composition of surface water and groundwater;bicarbonate radical-ion was the main anion after ecological water replenishment,and the conductivity of surface water in the south of Lake Baiyangdian was high.After ecological water replenishment,the mass concentrations of calcium-ion,magnesium-ion and bicarbonate radical-ion in surface water and groundwater increased significantly,the water conductivity decreased.(2)Before ecological water replenishment,the groundwater was Na-HCO_(3) type,and the surface water was mainly Na-Cl·SO_(4) and Na-Cl·HCO_(3) types;After ecological water replenishment,the surface water and shallow groundwater evolved into Ca·Mg-HCO_(3) type,and the hydrochemical types of deep groundwater were basically unchanged.(3)Ecological water replenishment increased the water level and water area of Lake Baiyangdian,alleviating the problem of water shortage;meanwhile,the hydrochemical composition of shallow groundwater was changed,while the deep groundwater was not affected.After ecological water replenishment,the concentrations of sodium-ion,chloridion-ion and sulfate-ion decreased significantly,while the concentrations of calcium-ion,magnesium-ion and bicarbonate radical-ion increased.In addition,the cation exchange and water rock interaction in the rising process of regional groundwater level should be paid attention to,so as to provide scientific basis for rational allocation of ecological water replenishment and improvement of ecological environment of Lake Baiyangdian watershed.
作者
崔旭
张兵
何明霞
夏文雪
王义东
赵勇
Cui Xu;Zhang Bing;He Mingxia;Xia Wenxue;Wang Yidong;Zhao Yong(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Resources,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,P.R.China;School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,P.R.China;Department of Water Resources,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,P.R.China)
出处
《湖泊科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期1675-1686,共12页
Journal of Lake Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41971037)
国家杰出青年科学基金项目(52025093)联合资助.
关键词
水化学
生态补水
地表水
地下水
白洋淀流域
Hydrochemistry
ecological water replenishment
surface water
groundwater
Lake Baiyangdian Watershed
