摘要
本试验旨在研究金霉素和乳果糖-凝结芽孢杆菌合生素对断奶仔猪相对生长速率及粪便代谢产物的影响。选取18头健康且体重相近的27~28日龄“杜×长×大”阉公猪,初始体重(9.08±0.59)kg,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组(CTR组)饲喂基础无抗饲粮,抗生素组(ANT组)饲喂基础无抗饲粮+75 mg/kg金霉素,合生素组(SYN组)饲喂基础无抗饲粮+乳果糖-凝结芽孢杆菌合生素(10 g/kg乳果糖+2×10^(9) CFU/kg凝结芽孢杆菌)。试验期为29 d。试验期间每周记录体重,并对第29天粪便样品进行代谢组学与短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)检测。结果表明:1)第1~4周,3组相对生长速率(RGR)存在显著的趋势(P=0.052);其中SYN组比CTR组高6.00%,ANT组比CTR组高7.08%,而ANT组比SYN组高1.01%。2)粪便代谢组学结果显示,与CTR组相比,ANT组和SYN组均能显著影响有机酸和胺类物质的含量(P<0.05);其中,除L-哌啶甲酸和吡多胺含量均显著提高(P<0.05)外,无其他共有差异代谢产物。与ANT组相比,SYN组亚油酸、反异油酸、所有顺式(6,9,12)-亚油酸、D-乳糖、环己胺、烟酸、腺嘌呤和N6,N6,N6-三甲基-L-赖氨酸含量显著提高(P<0.05),5-氨基戊酸、D-半乳糖醛酸和2-氧己二酸含量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)KEGG通路富集结果显示,与CTR组相比,SYN组和ANT组均显著影响赖氨酸降解通路(P<0.05);此外,ANT组还显著影响苯丙氨酸代谢、维生素消化吸收、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢3条通路(P<0.05);SYN组则影响半乳糖代谢、味觉转导、碳水化合物消化吸收、ABC转运蛋白、色氨酸代谢、淀粉和蔗糖代谢共6条通路(P<0.05)。与ANT组相比,SYN组显著影响赖氨酸降解、亚油酸代谢、ABC转运蛋白和不饱和脂肪酸生物合成共4条通路(P<0.05)。4)3组之间SCFAs浓度无显著差异(P>0.05),但SYN组丙酸比例显著低于ANT组(P<0.05)。5)相关性分析结果显示,断奶仔猪RGR与粪便代谢产物D-半乳糖醛酸、环己胺和甘露糖含量呈显著相关(P<0.05)。综上所述,无抗饲粮中添加乳果糖-凝结芽孢杆菌合生素可通过粪便中赖氨酸降解、半乳糖代谢、淀粉和蔗糖、碳水化合物消化吸收等代谢通路影响仔猪的生长和代谢。与CTR组相比,乳果糖-凝结芽孢杆菌合生素不仅具有和金霉素相似的促生长效果,还能部分影响粪便中与金霉素相同的代谢产物和代谢通路。此外,乳果糖-凝结芽孢杆菌合生素影响粪便中代谢产物的种类和代谢通路比金霉素更加广泛。
This experiment aimed to study the effects of synbiotic with lactulose and Bacillus coagulans on relative growth rate and fecal metabolites of weaned piglets. Eighteen 27 to 28 days of age Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire weaned castrated boars with similar body weight of(9.08±0.59)kg were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 1 pig in each replicate. The control group(CTR group)was fed an antibiotic-free basal diet,the antibiotic group(ANT group)was fed an antibiotic-free basal diet +75 mg/kg chlortetracycline,and the synbiotic group(SYN group)was fed an antibiotic-free basal diet+synbiotic with lactulose and Bacillus coagulans(10 g/kg laculose+2×10^(9) CFU/kg Bacillus coagulans). The experiment lasted for 29 days. During the experiment,the body weight was recorded every week,and the fecal samples were collected on day 29 for metabolomics and short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)analysis. The results showed as follows:1)during 1 to 4 weeks,a significant tendency was detected in RGR in 3 groups(P =0.052). Compared with CTR group,the RGR in SYN group was increased by 6.00%,while the RGR in ANT group was increased by 7.08%;and the RGR in ANT group was 1.01% greater than SYN group. 2)The fecal metabolomics results showed that compared with CTR group,both ANT group and SYN group could significantly affect the content of organic acids and amines;among them,except the content of L-pipecolic acid and pyridoxine were significant increased(P<0.05),there were no other differential metabolites. Compared with the ANT group,the contents of linoleic acid,trans-vaccenic acid,all cis-(6,9,12)linoleic acid,D-lactose,cyclohexylamine,nicotinate,adenine,and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine in SYN group were significantly increase(P<0.05),and the contents of 5-aminovaleric acid,D-galacturonic acid,and 2-oxoadipate were significantly decrease(P< 0.05). 3)The KEGG pathway enrichment results showed that compared with CTR group,both SYN group and ANT group significantly affected the lysine degradation pathway(P<0.05);besides,the ANT group significantly affected three pathways including phenylalanine metabolism,vitamin digestion and arginine and proline metabolism(P<0.05);the SYN group significantly affected totally six pathways including galactose metabolism,taste transduction,carbohydrate digestion and absorption,ABC transporters,tryptophan metabolism and starch and sucrose metabolism(P<0.05). Compared with ANT group,the SYN group significantly affected four pathways including lysine degradation,linoleic acid metabolism,ABC transporters and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis(P<0.05). 4)There was no significant difference in concentration of SCFAs among three groups(P>0.05),but the proportion of propionic acid in SYN group was significantly lower than that in ANT group(P<0.05). 5)The correlation analysis results showed that the RGR of weaned piglets was significantly correlated with the contents of fecal metabolites including D-galacturonic acid,cyclohexylamine and mannose(P<0.05). In summary,symbiotic with lactulose and Bacillus coagulans in antibiotic-free diets can affect the growth and metabolites through various metabolic pathways including lysine degradation,galactose metabolism,starch and sucrose and carbohydrate digestion and absorption. Compare with CTR group,symbiotic with lactulose and Bacillus coagulans not only has a growth-promoting effect similar to that of chlortetracycline,but also partially affects the same metabolites and metabolic pathways in the feces as chlortetracycline. In addition,symbiotic with lactulose and Bacillus coagulans can more extensively affect the types of metabolites and metabolic pathways in feces than chlortetracycline.
作者
杨运南
赵祖艳
刘日亮
张云龙
胡浩
郑卫江
姚文
YANG Yunnan;ZHAO Zuyan;LIU Riliang;ZHANG Yunlong;HU Hao;ZHENG Weijiang;YAO Wen(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Health,Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Jiangsu Yuanshan Biological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yancheng 224001,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期5534-5544,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0114400)
江苏现代农业(生猪)产业技术体系营养调控岗位项目(JATS[2020]412)。
