摘要
温度是决定昆虫定殖、地理分布、发生数量、生活史和行为的关键因素之一,自然界周期性或季节性的低温环境会限制昆虫地理分布的纬度范围。番茄潜麦蛾(Tuta absoluta)最初在南美洲亚热带地区发生,2006年传入西班牙后迅速传播到欧洲、非洲、亚洲的90多个国家和地区,是一种全球性的入侵害虫。为了明确番茄潜麦蛾自然环境中的越冬边界及越冬区划,本研究根据其不同温度下的发育情况,分别利用连续低温天数统计、MaxEnt和CLIMEX模型3种方法对番茄潜麦蛾自然条件下的越冬边界进行预测。结果表明:番茄潜麦蛾能够越冬的区域主要分布在热带、亚热带及部分冬季较温暖的温带,非越冬区主要分布在温带和寒带。以亚欧大陆为例,番茄潜麦蛾的越冬边界在大陆西岸分布在40°N左右,大陆中部和东部其越冬边界沿30°N一线分布。3种方法的预测结果相互支持并且与截止目前文献记载的番茄潜麦蛾越冬区域保持一致。我们初步推测,番茄潜麦蛾在其非越冬区的大量爆发与农业温室等人为增温设施的出现有关,温室为该虫在不利的气候条件下提供庇护环境,推动其进一步向更高的纬度扩散。
Temperature is one of the key factors determining insect colonization,geographical distribution,abundance,life history,and behavior.Periodic or seasonal low temperature restricts latitudinal distribution of insects.Tomato leaf miner,Tuta absoluta(Meyrick)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae),is native to South America.After being introduced to Spain in 2006,it spread rapidly to more than 90 countries(regions)in Europe,Africa,and Asia.It is a global invasive pest now.The goal of this study was to clarify the natural overwintering boundary of T.absoluta.Based on development status of T.absoluta under different temperatures,the overwintering regionalization was projected using the statistical technique of continuous low temperature days,MaxEnt model,and CLIMEX model,respectively.We found that the overwintering areas of the moth in natural environment were mainly distributed in tropical zones,subtropical zones,and partial temperate zones.Non-overwintering areas were mainly distributed in the temperate and frigid zones.In Eurasian continent,the overwintering boundary of T.absoluta was about 40°N on the west part and along 30°N in the central and eastern parts.The three modeling predictions were consistent with the documented overwintering areas in literature.We speculate that the outbreak of moth in non-overwintering areas was due to greenhouses that provided refuges for the pest to survive in winter and extend north wards or higher latitudes.
作者
刘孝贤
韩鹏
张鑫
张苹
罗迪
王婷
吕昭智
LIU Xiao-xian;HAN Peng;ZHANG Xin;ZHANG Ping;LUO Di;WANG Ting;LYU Zhao-zhi(State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xiryiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;The Specimen Museum of Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Life Science,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期3243-3251,共9页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
中国科学院STS项目区域重点项目(KFJ-STS-QYZD-176)
地方政府课题(2017E01019)资助。
