摘要
为探明不同水分胁迫的时间和程度对水稻籽粒淀粉合成和产量的影响。以宜香优2115为试验材料,在2018-2019年分别在孕穗期、开花期、灌浆期进行轻度(-20±5)kPa、中度(-40±5)kPa、重度(-60±5)kPa水分胁迫处理,以淹水灌溉为对照(0 kPa,1~3 cm水层),测定分析籽粒糖和淀粉含量、淀粉合成相关酶活性及产量。结果表明,在孕穗期、开花期、灌浆期,轻度水分胁迫使水稻籽粒中的可溶性糖和蔗糖含量降低,最大降幅分别为33.7%,14.3%,直链淀粉和总淀粉含量增加,最大增幅分别为2.4%,4.4%,中度和重度水分胁迫则反之;ADPG焦磷酸化酶(AGPase)、可溶性淀粉合成酶(SSS)、颗粒结合淀粉合成酶(GBSS)、淀粉分支酶(SBE)、淀粉去分支酶(DBE)活性随灌浆进程呈先升后降的趋势,轻度水分胁迫使灌浆中后期5种酶活性及峰值活性提高,而中度和重度水分胁迫则降低;结实率仅在灌浆期轻度水分胁迫下增加,增幅为3.1百分点,3个时期轻度水分胁迫使千粒质量均增加,最大增幅为3.7%,孕穗期水分胁迫不利于水稻产量的提高,灌浆期和开花期进行轻度水分胁迫使产量增加,增幅分别为0.8%,9.3%。因此,宜香优2115在开花期和灌浆期轻度水分胁迫可提高淀粉合成关键酶的活性,促进籽粒淀粉的合成和积累,进而提高产量,在增幅方面灌浆期大于开花期。
This study aimed to investigate the effect of different water stress stages and duration on rice starch synthesis and yield.With rice cultivars Yixiangyou 2115 as experimental materials,the content of soluble sugar and starch,the activities of enzymes related to starch synthesis,and yield of a rice grain under four water management modes traditional flooding(CK,0 kPa,1-3 cm water layer),light water stress(LD,(-20±5)kPa),moderate water stress(MD,(-40±5)kPa)and severe water stress(SD,(-60±5)kPa)at booting stage,flowering stage and filling stage respectively were analyzed in 2018-2019.The results showed that:the content of soluble sugar and sucrose were decreased and the content of amylose and total starch was increased under light water stress at the booting stage,flowering stage,and filling stage.The largest drop had reached 33.7%,14.3%and the maximum raise had reached 2.4%,4.4%respectively.On the contrary,moderate water stress and severe water stress had the opposite effect on them;The activities of enzymes related to starch synthesis such as AGPase,SSS,GBSS,SBE,and DBE all showed the variation tendency of falling after rising under four water management modes at different stages.Enzymes activities and their peak value were enhanced under light water stress at the middle and late filling stage,but moderate water stress and severe water stress had the reverse effect on them.Light water stress with a higher seed setting rate increased the yield by 3.1 percentage points only at the filling stage compared with traditional flooding.1000-grain weight was increased at all stages under light water stress which the maximum raise had reached 3.7%.However,water stress at the booting stage was not favorable to the yield.Light water stress at the filling stage and flowering stage increased the yield by 0.8%,9.3%respectively.In conclusion,light water stress at the flowering stage and filling stage could improve the activities of key enzymes for starch synthesis and the synthesis and accumulation of starch in grains of Yixiangyou 2115,thereby increasing the yield.Compared to light water stress at the flowering stage,light water stress at the filling stage had a higher increasing amplitude of yield.
作者
彭立功
龚静
兰艳
王锦
隋晓东
丁春邦
李天
PENG Ligong;GONG Jing;LAN Yan;WANG Jin;SUI Xiaodong;DING Chunbang;LI Tian(College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;College of Life Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Yaan 625014,China)
出处
《华北农学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期77-86,共10页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica
基金
四川省科技计划资助(2020YFH0146)
国家重点研发项目(2016YFD0300506)。
关键词
水稻
水分胁迫
孕穗期
开花期
灌浆期
淀粉合成关键酶
产量
Rice
Water stress
Booting stage
Flowering stage
Filling stage
Key enzymes for starch synthesis
Yield
