摘要
目的:揭示不同水平男子短跑运动员髋、膝关节力矩的特点及其与竞技表现之间的关系。方法:选取13名男子短跑运动员(6名一级运动员和7名二级运动员),采用ISOMED2000等速肌力系统测试运动员髋、膝关节屈、伸肌的向心等速肌力。结果:①全体运动员右侧髋关节屈肌在60°/s时的相对峰力矩与个人最好成绩之间呈显著负相关(r=-0.615,P<0.05);②一级运动员双侧髋关节屈肌在60°/s和180°/s时的相对峰力矩均显著高于二级运动员(P<0.05);③一级运动员左侧髋关节屈肌在60°/s和180°/s时的峰力矩对应角度显著小于二级运动员(P<0.05);④全体运动员髋关节的屈伸肌峰力矩比值在60°/s和180°/s时分别为0.50-0.52和0.48-0.51,低于膝关节相对应的0.60-0.61和0.67-0.70。结论:快速有力的屈髋前摆可能是区分短跑运动员水平的关键因素;相比膝关节,髋关节更应作为短跑运动员力量发展的重点;加强屈髋肌群的力量训练,可能是短跑运动员提高100米成绩和预防损伤的有效途径。
Objectives:This paper reveals the characteristics of hip and knee torque of male sprinters at different levels and its relationship with competitive performance.Methods:Thirteen male sprinters(6 first-class athletes and 7 second-class athletes)were selected to test the centripetal isokinetic muscle strength of hip and knee flexors and extensors by using ISOMED2000 isokinetic muscle strength system.Results:①There was a significant negative correlation between the relative peak torque of right hip flexor at 60°/s and personal best performance(r=-0.615,P<0.05);②The relative peak torque of bilateral hip flexors in first-class athletes at 60°/s and 180°/s was significantly higher than that in second-class athletes(P<0.05);③The corresponding angle of peak torque of left hip flexor in first-class athletes at 60°/s and 180°/s was significantly lower than that in second-class athletes(P<0.05);④At 60°/s and 180°/s,the peak torque ratios of flexor and extensor muscles of all athletes’hip joints were 0.50-0.52 and 0.48-0.51 respectively,which were lower than the corresponding 0.60-0.61 and 0.67-0.70 of knee joints.Conclusion:Fast and powerful hip flexion and forward swing may be the key factor to distinguish the level of sprinters;compared with knee joint,hip joint should be the focus of strength development of sprinters;strengthening the strength training of hip flexor muscle group may be an effective way for sprinters to improve 100 m performance and prevent injury.
作者
王新娜
王泽峰
杨贤罡
何文捷
李建新
WANG Xinna;WANG Zefeng;YANG Xiangang;HE Wenjie;LI Jianxin(Hebei Sport University,Shijiazhuang 050041,China;China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100061,China;Hebei Institute of Sport Science,Shijiazhuang 050031,China;China Institute of Sport Information Center,Beijing 100061,China)
出处
《河北体育学院学报》
2021年第6期74-81,共8页
Journal of Hebei Sport University
基金
国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费课题(基本16-48)。
关键词
短跑运动员
屈髋肌群
相对峰力矩
峰力矩对应角度
屈伸肌峰力矩比值
sprinter
hip flexor muscle group
relative peak torque
corresponding angle of peak torque
peak torque ratio of flexor and extensor
