摘要
通过分析拜登总统的党派属性及其在数字贸易治理领域的一系列举措,本文认为拜登政府的数字贸易治理政策趋向将呈现出四点特征:第一,更注重美国高科技发展,除加大高新科技的研发投入外,还会通过“构建国家知识产权规则联盟”和“有选择松动技术出口管制”来捍卫高科技产业利益。我国在顶尖科技和知识产权保护领域将承受更大压力。第二,积极缔结《美英自由贸易协定》推动“美式模板”演进升级,打造全球数字贸易治理的黄金标准,其中的金融科技沙盒创新计划和新兴技术行业标准设定会给中国带来压力。第三,将借助《数字经济伙伴关系协定》(DEPA)之壳重返亚太数字贸易治理的引领者地位,我国在亚太的数字贸易治理影响力将受到抑制。第四,务实推进WTO数字贸易谈判,弥合与欧盟在数字服务税、跨境隐私保护等问题上的间隙,“数字贸易治理地缘政治竞争”和“数字产品及服务对华准入”会成为中美对抗焦点。据此,本文提出四点对策建议:提升我国在顶级技术上的自主研发能力;积极开展数字贸易治理合作和制度协调,部分理性对接“美式模板”;理性深入开放国内数字服务市场;强化我国在亚太数字贸易治理领域的影响力。
By analyzing the partisanship of President Biden and a series of measures in the field of digital trade governance,this paper believes that the Biden administration's digital trade governance policy trends will show four characteristics:1)The Biden administration will attach more importance to the domestic high-tech's development,increase investment in high-tech research and development,and is expected to protect the interests of the domestic high-tech industry through“establishing alliance of national intellectual property rules”and“Technology Export Controlling Set to Loosen”.China will endure much more pressures from the US and its alliances in the field of intellectual property protection(IPR).2)The Biden administration will actively promote the“US-UK FTA”to promote the evolution and upgrade of the“American template”and make efforts to create the gold standard for global digital trade governance.The financial technology sandbox innovation plan and the setting of emerging technology industry standards will put pressure on China.3)The Biden administration will bring the US back to the Asia-Pacific via the“Digital Economic Partnership Agreement”(DEPA).China's digital trade governance influence in Asia-Pacific will be suppressed.4)It is estimated that the Biden administration will pragmatically make progress in multilateral WTO digital trade negotiations,particularly focusing on reaching consensus with the EU on issues such as digital service tax and cross-border privacy protection.The key of Sino-US conflict will be“digital trade governance geopolitical competition”and“digital products and services access to China”.Based on this,this article proposes four countermeasures:1)Improve China's independent research and development capabilities in top technologies.2)Carry out digital trade governance cooperation and system coordination actively,and connect the“American template”rationally and partly.3)Open the domestic digital service market reasonably and deeply.4)Strengthen China's influence of digital trade governance in the field of Asia-Pacific.
作者
周念利
孟克
ZHOU Nianli;MENG Ke(University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《太平洋学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第10期55-63,共9页
Pacific Journal
基金
2019年国家社科基金重点项目“数字贸易规则‘美式模板’的演化升级与扩展适用趋向及中国的应对”(19AGJ012)
对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“美式数字贸易规则的发展演进及中国的政策选择”(ZD3-07)的阶段性成果。
关键词
数字贸易
中美分歧
拜登政府
“美式模板”
digital trade
Sino-US divergence
American template
countermeasure
