摘要
早期中国文明的政治文化版块主要呈现为夷夏东、西结构,唐尧虞舜和夏商周三代王朝的更迭,便是东、西不同部族集团的轮流坐庄,禅让也是在这个政治联盟规则内的贵族选举制度。大禹能成为夷夏联盟集团的盟主,既有自身在治水、战争等方面的贡献因素,也是因为他的前一任盟主虞舜属于东部集团,这一任的盟主便只能在大禹所在的西部集团中产生。相应的,大禹之后选定的皋陶、伯益,也是作为东部集团的候选人。从禅让到家天下,本质上是一脉相承的,即该盟主以家族形式赢得天下的良好口碑,保有其盟主权利,履行其盟主义务。如果该家族不再能履行其职责,便会被各部族首领举行的贵族会议推举的新盟主取代。《孟子·万章上》引孔子之言说“唐虞禅,夏后、殷、周继,其义一也”,就是说夷夏联盟的禅让和汤武放伐,本质上是一回事。
The political and cultural sections of early Chinese civilization are mainly represented by the eastern and western structures of Yi and Xia.The change of periods of Tangyao,Yushun,Xia,Shang and Zhou Dynasties is the rotation of different tribal groups in the eastern and western regions.Shanrang is also an aristocratic election system within the rule of this political alliance.Dayu was able to become the leader of the Yi and Xia alliance group because of his own contribution in water control and war,and also because his former leader Yushun belonged to the eastern group,and this leader could only be produced in the western group where Dayu was.From Shanrang to one family rules the land under heaven,it is in one continuous line in essence,that is,the alliance leader group wins the good reputation of the world in the form of family,keeps its rights and fulfills its obligations.If the family can no longer perform its duties,it will be replaced by a new leader elected by the aristocratic council held by the tribal leaders.Mencius believed that the shanrang of alliance is essentially the same as Tangwu Fang Fa.
出处
《中原文化研究》
2021年第6期25-32,共8页
The Central Plains Culture Research
关键词
夷夏东西
禅让
联盟
轮流坐庄
大禹
Yi(夷)in the East,Xia(夏)in the West
Shanrang(禅让)
alliance
take turns in business
Dayu(大禹)
