摘要
[目的]研究不同森林类型土壤水力特性的变化特征,为区域生态景观建设与水源涵养功能提升提供科学依据。[方法]以广西壮族自治区龙脊梯田区不同森林类型(竹林、杉木林、混交林)和梯田为研究对象,调查不同土层(10,20,40,60 cm)土壤物理特性,分析土壤水力性质差异及其影响因素。[结果](1)龙脊梯田土壤质地主要为粉砂质壤土;各层次土壤黏粒含量差异显著,而粉粒和砂粒含量差异不显著;(2)杉木林和混交林各层次土壤容重差异性不显著,竹林与梯田下层土壤容重均显著大于上层;土壤毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度、田间持水量总体呈现:混交林>杉木林>竹林>梯田;(3)竹林土壤渗透能力最强,杉木林和混交林次之,梯田最弱;(4)相同土壤吸力下,混交林和杉木林土壤体积含水率大小相当,土壤持水能力均大于竹林和梯田。土壤容重、孔隙度(毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度)是土壤渗透性和持水性的主要影响因子,其中饱和导水率与土壤容重呈显著负相关,与孔隙度呈显著正相关;土壤水分特征曲线拟合参数θ_(s)与土壤容重、孔隙度(毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度)分别呈极显著负、正相关,α与土壤孔隙度呈显著正相关。[结论]竹林土壤渗透性能最强,而土壤持水能力较弱,杉木林、混交林均具有较强的土壤持水能力,能发挥很好的水源涵养功能。
[Objective]Variation of soil hydraulic characteristics under different forest types were studied to provide a scientific basis for regional ecological landscape construction and selection of water resource conservation forests.[Methods]Different forest types(bamboo forest,chinese fir forest,mixed forest)and terraced fields were selected as the research objects at a Longji terraced field in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Reion.The main soil properties were measured in different soil layers(10,20,40,60 cm)to sduty soil hydraulic characteristics and their influencing factors.[Results]①The soil texture of Longji terraces was silty loam.The clay content of the soil had significant differences,but the silt and sand content had no significant differences in different layers.②Soil bulk density differences in different layers of chinese fir forest and mixed forest were not significant,but the soil bulk density in the lower layer of bamboo forest and terraced field was significantly higher than that in the upper layer.The soil capillary porosity,total porosity,and field water holding capacity followed the order of mixed forest>chinese fir forest>bamboo forest>terraces.③The soil permeability of bamboo forest was the greatest,followed by chinese fir forest and mixed forest,and was lowest in the terraced fields.④Under the same soil suction,the volumetric soil moisture content of mixed forest and chinese fir forest were similar,and the soil water holding capacity was greater than that of bamboo forest and terraced field.Soil bulk density and porosity(capillary porosity and total porosity)were the main factors influencing soil permeability and water holding capacity.The saturated water conductivity had a significant negative correlation with soil bulk density and a significant positive correlation with porosity.The soil water characteristic curve fitting parameter θ_(s) was significantly negatively and positively correlated with soil bulk density and porosity(capillary porosity and total porosity),respectively,andαwas significantly positively correlated with soil porosity.[Conclusion]Bamboo forest had the greatest soil permeability,but the lowest soil water-holding capacity.Both chinese fir forest and mixed forest had large soil water-holding capacity,and can be instrumental in promoting good water conservation.
作者
王醒
方荣杰
张帅普
黄卉
黄朗
吴忠军
Wang Xing;Fang Rongjie;Zhang Shuaipu;Huang Hui;Huang Lang;Wu Zhongjun(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;College of Tourism and Landscape Architecture,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China)
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期92-98,106,共8页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
桂林市科学研究与技术开发计划项目重大专项“龙脊梯田景观资源可持续利用技术集成研究与旅游产业示范”(20180102-2)。
关键词
龙脊梯田
森林类型
饱和导水率
土壤水分特征曲线
Longji terrace
forest types
saturated hydraulic conductivity
soil water characteristic curve
