摘要
本文综述了运载火箭上升段自主制导方法 (autonomous guidance method, AGM)的发展. AGM是指一类不依赖离线规划的参考轨迹,而是实时规划满足后续飞行复杂过程约束和终端条件的飞行轨迹,从而动态计算当前制导指令的方法.该方法结合了轨迹规划和传统制导方法的优点,具有在线、动态、全局和滚动的特点.分析了不同运动体在制导控制上面临的主要挑战,提出了长征运载火箭上升段自主制导方法的两大技术体系.一是针对确定目标轨道的制导方法,也称迭代制导(iterative guidance mode, IGM);介绍了迭代制导的基本理论、基础型及增强型算法,及其在型号中应用的飞行结果.二是目标轨道与飞行轨迹的联合优化方法,主要应对推力下降的典型故障;介绍了基于目标函数触发(state triggered indices, STI)的在线优化方法,以及以STI和IGM为基础进行自主任务重构的算法.论文还提出了未来的研究方向,包括多级分层优化,以及基于自主制导方法的新型闭环控制系统架构,以进一步增强上升段飞行的自主性和故障适应性.
The development of the autonomous guidance method(AGM) in the ascent phase of a launcher is reviewed. The AGM is a real-time planning method which does not rely on offline planning reference trajectory, so as to dynamically generate the current guidance command to meet the subsequent complex process and terminal conditions. It combines the advantages of trajectory planning and traditional guidance methods, such as onboard,dynamic, globally optimized, and iterative. The main features faced by different moving bodies in guidance control are compared, showing the distinguished challenges of the launcher’s ascent flight. Thus, two technical systems of AGMs for Long March launch vehicles are proposed. One is the guidance method for a prescribed target orbit,also known as the iterative guidance mode(IGM);and its basic theory, fundamental and enhanced algorithms,and the flight results in real launches are discussed in order. The second is the joint optimization of the target orbit and the flight path, mainly occurring under the typical failures of thrust dropping;and a state triggered indices(STI) method, as well as the mission reconstruction algorithms based on STI and IGM, are introduced.Finally, the future research directions are discussed, including the multiple graded optimization and an innovative closed-loop control system architecture based on AGMs. These studies will further improve the autonomy and fault adaptability of the ascending flight.
作者
宋征宇
巩庆海
王聪
何勇
施国兴
Zhengyu SONG;Qinghai GONG;Cong WANG;Yong HE;Guoxing SHI(China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing 100076,China;Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute,Beijing 100854,China;College of Control Science and Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)
出处
《中国科学：信息科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期1587-1608,共22页
Scientia Sinica(Informationis)
基金
国家自然科学基金(批准号:61773341)资助项目。
关键词
迭代制导
自主制导
在线规划
自主任务重构
多级分层优化
iterative guidance mode(IGM)
autonomous guidance method(AGM)
online planning
autonomous mission reconstruction
multiple graded optimization(MGO)
