摘要
针对目前青藏高原背景下的区域径流丰枯空间分布特征与其影响因素之间的联系仍不清楚,以及单站点或多站点平均的丰枯指标难以反映区域径流空间分布特征的问题,采用不同时间尺度的标准径流指数,结合经验正交函数、奇异值分解等方法分析了黄河上游1969—2012年径流丰枯的空间分布特征及其与青藏高原降水、气温和积雪3种气象因子的关系。结果表明:黄河上游径流丰枯情况具有区域一致的主要空间分布模态(主要受气象因子的影响)和东北—西南反位相分布的次要空间分布模态(主要受人类活动的影响);夏、秋季比冬、春季更可能出现多年径流量偏丰或偏枯的情形;青藏高原降水、气温和积雪是影响黄河上游径流丰枯空间分布的主要气象因子,降水对径流丰枯变化起主控作用,积雪和气温的季节性影响较明显;青藏高原东北部、东部、北部是影响径流丰枯变化的关键区。
At present,the relationship between the spatial distribution characteristics of regional runoff and its influencing factors under the background of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is still unclear,and the value single station or the average value of multi stations of wet and dry index of is difficult to reflect the distribution characteristics of regional runoff.Using standard runoff indexes of different time scales,combined with empirical orthogonal function and singular value decomposition,the spatial distribution characteristics of wet and dry runoff in the upper reaches of the Yellow River from 1969 to 2012 and its relationship with three meteorological factors of precipitation,temperature and snow cover in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are analyzed.The results show that the wet and dry situation of runoff in the upper reaches of the Yellow River has a regional consistent main spatial distribution mode(mainly affected by meteorological factors)and a secondary spatial distribution mode of northeast-southwest inverse phase distribution(mainly affected by human activities).It is more likely that there will be high runoff or low runoff in summer and autumn than in winter and spring.Precipitation,temperature and snow cover on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are the main meteorological factors affecting the spatial distribution of runoff in the upper reaches of the Yellow River.Precipitation plays a major role in controlling the variation of runoff in the upper reaches of the Yellow River,and the seasonal effects of snow cover and temperature are more obvious.The northeast,east and north of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are the key areas affecting the wet and dry situation of runoff.
作者
魏伊宁
李勋贵
李芳
WEI Yining;LI Xungui;LI Fang(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;The Foreign Language School Attached to JXNU,Nanchang 330103,China;Glacier and Desert Research Center,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)
出处
《水资源保护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期103-113,共11页
Water Resources Protection
基金
国家自然科学基金(51679115)。
关键词
标准径流指数
经验正交函数
奇异值分解
径流丰枯空间分布
黄河上游
standard runoff index
empirical orthogonal function
singular value decomposition
spatial distribution of wet and dry of runoff
upper reaches of the Yellow River
