摘要
【目的】探究减量化肥配合炭基有机肥施用对设施切花月季的生长、土壤养分以及土壤盐渍化指标的影响,为科学利用炭基有机肥实现设施切花月季的减肥增质和土壤改良提供技术参考。【方法】以切花月季品种国魂为试材、炭基有机肥为土壤改良材料,共设4个试验处理:常规化肥(CK),炭基有机肥+常规化肥(BF处理),减量化肥40%(CK40处理),炭基有机肥+减量化肥40%(BF40处理)。随机区组设计,进行一点6茬连续试验,比较每一茬中不同处理对切花月季的生长、土壤性状以及盐渍化等指标的影响。【结果】与CK相比,BF40处理使6茬切花月季的株高、茎粗、产量及A级花比例显著增加(P<0.05,下同),分别最大提高23.29%、19.86%、25.56%和149.21%,且在产量的稳定性和可持续性方面表现出显著优势;同时,BF40处理使耕层土壤中的有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量显著提高,且耕层土壤的pH值稳定在6.7~7.7。与CK相比,各试验处理均能改善耕层土壤盐渍化状况,BF40处理的改良效果显著,且BF处理和BF40处理均能显著提高土壤保肥能力。同时,BF处理和BF40处理能显著增加土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量,且BF40处理中细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量分别最大提高150.64%、220.95%和179.27%。【结论】施用生物炭基有机肥可有效缓解月季栽培设施内的土壤酸化、盐渍化问题,有利于切花月季生产中的提质增效,且在减量40%化肥的情况下配施效果更佳,可为设施条件下切花月季的生产和土壤改良提供技术参考。
【Objective】The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with carbon-based organic fertilizer on the growth,soil properties and soil salinization indexes of roses under facility conditions,and to provide technical reference for the scientific use of carbon-based organic fertilizer to achieve the fertilizer reduction and quality improvement and soil improvement of facility cutting rose.【Method】The rose(Rosa hybrida‘Guohun’)were used as test material,the carbon-based organic fertilizer was used as soil improvement material.Four experiment treatments were set in this experiment:the conventional chemical fertilizer were used as the control(CK);carbon-based organic fertilizer+conventional chemical fertilizer(BF treatment);chemical fertilizer reduction 40%(CK40 treatment);carbon-based organic fertilizer+chemical fertilizer reduction 40%(BF40 treatment).A randomized block design was used with this treatments.One point of six consecutive crops were tested to compare the effects of different treatments in each crop on the growth,soil properties and salinization of cut roses.【Result】Compared with CK,BF40 significantly increased plant height,stem diameter,yield and A-level flower percentage of six-crop roses(P<0.05,the same below),and the maximum increase reached 23.29%,19.86%,25.56%and 149.21%respectively.And BF40 showed significant advantages in yield stability and sustainability.BF40 significantly increased the contents of organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium and the value of pH in topsoil was stable between 6.7 to 7.7.Compared with CK,all experimental treatments could improve the salinization of topsoil,and the improvement effect of BF40 was more remarkable.But BF and BF40 could significantly improve topsoil fertility.At the same time,BF and BF40 could increase the number of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes in topsoil,and BF40 increased the number of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes by 150.64%,220.95%and 179.27%at maximum respectively.【Conclusion】The application of carbon-based organic fertilizer can effectively alleviate the problems of soil acidification and salinization in protected cultivation of roses,which is beneficial to the improvement of quality and efficiency in the production of roses.The combined application effect is better when the chemical fertilizer is reduced by 40%,which can provide technical reference for the production of roses and soil improvement under facility conditions.
作者
曾猛
潘玉蕊
彭银
达布希拉图
ZENG Meng;PAN Yu-rui;PENG Yin;Dabuxilatu(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期2202-2210,共9页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
重大科技专项计划项目(202002AE320012)。
关键词
减量化肥
炭基有机肥
土壤性状
切花月季
reduced fertilizer
carbon-based organic fertilizer
soil properties
cut rose
