摘要
我国现行刑事立法没有规制网络数据犯罪的独立体系。刑法主要从网络数据所依托的计算机信息系统与所承载的信息内容对网络数据犯罪进行规制。计算机系统犯罪体系在对网络数据犯罪的规制上存在较大缺陷。在概念划定与罪名设置上将“计算机信息系统”与“数据”进行杂糅,导致实务中在认定相关罪名中的“数据”概念及保护法益时存在困难;对网络数据安全的保护未能覆盖数据安全的全生命周期,导致调整范围受到限制;未在刑事立法中体现前置法强调的数据分类分级保护制度,导致部分条款有违罪刑均衡原则。有必要在立法层面补充独立的数据视角,明确网络数据的外延范围与网络数据犯罪的保护法益;扩张相关犯罪的行为方式以覆盖数据安全的全生命周期;对相关法条进行纠错,同时根据数据在经济社会发展中的重要程度,以及数据安全一旦受到侵害造成的危害程度,建立网络数据安全的分类分级刑法保护机制。
China's current criminal legislation does not have an independent system to regulate network data crimes.The criminal law mainly regulates network data crimes from the computer system on which the network data depends,and the information content carried by it.The computer system crime system has big flaws in the regulation of network data crime.The"computer system"and"data"are mixed in concept delineation and crime setting,which leads to difficulties in identifying the concept of"data"in related crimes and protecting legal interests in practice;the protection of network data security fails to cover the full life cycle of data security,resulting in limited adjustment scope;the failure to reflect the data categorized and hierarchical protection system emphasized by the pre-law in criminal legislation has led to the violation of the Principle of Commensuration of Crime and Punishment in some clauses.It is necessary to supplement an independent data perspective at the legislative level to clarify the extension of network data and the protection of legal benefits of network data crime;expand the behavior of related crimes to cover the full life cycle of data security;correct errors in relevant clauses,and according to the importance of data in economic and social development,and the degree of harm caused by data security once infringement,establish a categorized and hierarchical criminal protection mechanism for network data security.
作者
刘宪权
石雄
LIU Xianquan;SHI Xiong
出处
《法治研究》
CSSCI
2021年第6期44-55,共12页
Research on Rule of Law
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“网络时代的社会治理与刑法体系的理论创新研究”(项目编号:20&ZD199)阶段性成果。
