摘要
为了获得具有生防作用的菌株,提高土壤肥力促进农作物生长,本研究以西藏林芝油菜根际土壤分离到的75株根际细菌为试材,采用平板对峙法对6种病原菌:小麦赤霉病菌(G.zeae)、辣椒枯萎病菌(F.oxysporum)、小麦立枯病菌(G.gramini)、小麦根腐病菌(B.sorokiniana)、小麦纹枯病菌(R.solani)、油菜菌核病菌(S.scleotiorum)进行了拮抗细菌筛选,并对筛选出的拮抗菌进行溶磷、固氮、溶钾、产IAA能力、产蛋白酶能力测定及分子鉴定。结果表明,R-1和R-2为沙福芽孢杆菌(B.safensis),对小麦赤霉病的拮抗效果都在50%以上,R-2对油菜菌核病、小麦立枯病、辣椒枯萎病的抑菌率分别为65.97%、56.71%、57.07%,且均具有解钾、固氮、产IAA和蛋白酶能力。R-7为摩拉维亚假单胞菌(P.moraviensis),对小麦纹枯病、小麦根腐病、小麦赤霉病、辣椒枯萎病、小麦立枯病的抑菌率分别72.51%、64.45%、51.93%、50.88%、48.85%,具有产蛋白酶能力;R-10为地中海假单胞菌(P.mediterranea),对小麦根腐病、辣椒枯萎病菌、小麦赤霉病的抑菌率分别55.79%、53.56%、40.33%,且具有固氮、产IAA和蛋白酶能力;R-11为巨大芽孢杆菌(B.megaterium)具有溶有机磷、解钾、固氮、产IAA和蛋白酶能力,对小麦根腐病有拮抗效果。
To obtain biocontrol strains to improve soil fertility and promote crop growth,we isolated 75 strai ns of rhizosphere bacteria from oilseed rape rhizosphere soil in Linzhi of Tibet and tested their antifungal effects against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,Fusarium oxysporum,Gaeumannomyces graminis,Bipolaris sorokiniana,Rhizoctonia solani,and Fusarium graminearum by the dual culture assay.The phosphate-solubilizing,nitrogen fixation,potassium-solubilizing,IAA secretion,protease production capacity,and molecular identification of the selected antagonistic bacteria were tested.The results showed that R-1 and R-2 were Bacillus safensis,and their antifungal efficacies against G.zeae were more than50%.The inhibitory rates of R-2 against S.sclerotiorum,G.graminis,and F.oxysporum at 65.97%,56.71%,and 57.07%,respectively.Both the R-1 and R-2 could dissolve potassium,fix nitrogen,and produce IAA and protease.R-7 was Pseudomonas moraviensis and showed the ability to produce protease,and its inhibitory rates against R.solani,B.sorokiniana,F.graminearum,F.oxysporum,and G.graminis were 72.51%,64.45%,51.93%,50.88%,and 48.85%.With the ability to fix nitrogen,and produce IAA and protease,R-10 was identified as Pseudomonas mediterranea and showed antifungal effects against B.sorokiniana,F.oxysporum,and F.graminearum with the inhibitory rates at 55.79%,53.56%,and 40.33%.R-11 was Bacillus megaterium which could dissolve organophosphate and potassium,fix nitrogen,and produce IAA and protease,and had an antifungal effect on B.sorokiniana.
作者
王瑞琪
赵为民
魏丽萍
孙玉
巩文峰
Wang Ruiqi;Zhao Weimin;Wei Liping;Sun Yu;Gong Wenfeng(Department of Plant Science,Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College,Linzhi Tibet 860000,China;College of Resource and Environment,Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College,Linzhi Tibet 860000,China)
出处
《中国植保导刊》
北大核心
2021年第10期16-23,37,共9页
China Plant Protection
基金
西藏自治区自然科学基金(XZ2019ZRG-67)
国家自然科学基金(31960002)。
关键词
油菜
植物根际促生菌
拮抗细菌
促生特性
Oilseed rape
plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria
antagonistic activity
growth promoting properties
