摘要
土壤pH时空变化对评估区域土壤质量及其生态功能演变具有重要意义。较多研究报导了我国耕地土壤自1980s以来的酸化特征,但鲜见报道自2005年大规模推行秸秆还田和配方施肥等措施后土壤pH变化。本文基于3个时期的1287个土壤样本(0~20 cm),采用序贯高斯模拟方法研究华北典型农区土壤pH在1984—2007年和2007—2017年两个时期的变化,以评估秸秆还田和配方施肥措施对区域土壤pH变化的影响。结果表明,1984—2007年潮土、非黄土母质发育褐土、砂姜黑土均明显酸化。2007—2017年,潮土土壤pH有所回升,非黄土母质发育褐土酸化明显减缓,但砂姜黑土持续酸化;与其他区域不同,黄土母质发育的褐土区土壤p H在1984—2007年和2007—2017年两个时间阶段均有升高。不同类型土壤pH降低和恢复幅度的不同,部分归因于它们的质地和初始pH值差异;黄土母质区土壤pH的升高与该区亚表层土壤pH高于表层、而表层土壤易遭受侵蚀的特征契合。为更好调节华北土壤pH,除坚持秸秆还田和配方施肥外,还应结合土壤类型、土壤性质、母质和地形进行分类施治。
The spatiotemporal changes of soil pH are of great significance in assessing the evolution of regional soil quality and function.The significant decline of soil pH during 1980s—2010s in China has been reported by many papers,showing the overuse of chemical fertilizer was one of the important driving factors.To weaken the adverse effect of chemical fertilizer,straw returning to soil and formula fertilization started to be extensively implemented since 2005,which was an important change in soil management across the national scale.But the effects of them on soil pH changes had rarely been evaluated.In this paper,the changes of soil pH in a typical agricultural region of North China during the periods of 1984—2007 and 2007—2017 were investigated by means of sequential gaussian simulation based on 1287 soil samples.The results showed that soil acidification had taken placed in the most of fluvoaquic soil,non-loess derived cinnamon soil and Shajiang black soil during the period of 1984—2007.During the period of 2007—2017,the acidification of fluvo-aquic soil showed a trend of recovering because of straw returning and formula fertilization,no significant changes were in non-loess derived cinnamon soil,but a further decrease was in Shajiang black soil.The area dominated by loess-derived cinnamon soils showed an increase in soil pH in the both periods.It was found that the different effects of returning straw to the field and formula fertilization on easing soil acidification in different soil types could partly be attributed to their differences in texture and initial pH values.The soil pH increased in the loess area was related to the erosion of surface soil and the subsurface soil with higher pH value.In order to achieve better soil pH adjustment in North of China,in addition to insisting on the straw returning to soil and formula fertilization,more localized and optimized management strategies should be developed with considering the effects of soil category,soil texture,soil parent material and landform.
作者
魏鑫涛
赵彦锋
牛银霞
候占领
李怡欣
陈杰
WEI Xin-tao;ZHAO Yan-feng;NIU Yin-xia;HOU Zhan-ling;LI Yi-xin;CHEN Jie(School of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Station of Agricultural Technology Extension Service,Xuchang 461000,China)
出处
《土壤通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期1042-1051,共10页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(40801080,41601210,40971128)资助。
关键词
土壤PH
秸秆还田
配方施肥
时空变化
序贯高斯模拟
Soil pH
Straw returning to soil
Formula fertilization
Spatiotemporal changes of soil pH
Sequential gaussian simulation
