摘要
为了研究添加枸杞多糖免疫增效剂对滩寒杂交代羔羊生长性能、屠宰性能和免疫功能的影响,试验采用随机试验设计,设3个组,每组羔羊15只。羔羊初始体重为26 kg左右,组间平均初始体重差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验Ⅰ组羔羊饲喂肉羊育肥期浓缩饲料配合玉米制成的全价料,试验Ⅱ组羔羊饲喂添加5%枸杞多糖免疫增效剂的日粮,对照组羔羊饲喂基础日粮(自配料)。试验预试期10 d,正试期90 d。每天07:00、18:00各饲喂1次,预试期饲喂量从每天0.5 kg/只逐渐增加至1.0 kg/只,正试期开始每天按2.0 kg/只饲喂。3组羊只饲养环境一致,自由饮水,常规管理,对生长性能、屠宰性能[胴体重、屠宰率、净肉率、胴体脂肪含量(GR值)、眼肌面积]、肉质性状(剪切力、失水率、熟肉率)、脏器指数(心脏、肝脏、肺脏、肾脏、小肠、胃)和免疫指标[IgA、IgM、IgG、白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-13、IL-17、IL-19、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子-β(TNF)-β]进行检测。结果表明:试验Ⅱ组滩寒杂代羔羊体重增加明显,平均日增重比对照组高20.88 g(P>0.05),比试验I组高40.55 g(P<0.05)。宰前活重和GR值比对照组高8.10%和13.70%(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组羊肉的失水率和剪切力均低于对照组(P>0.05),试验Ⅱ组肝脏、肺脏、肾脏和小肠的脏器指数略低于对照组。对照组和试验Ⅰ组的IgA、IgM、IgG含量随饲喂时间延长而逐渐增加,试验第90天时均显著高于第30天(P<0.05),但试验Ⅱ组则为先增加后降低,第60天时IgA、IgM、IgG含量最高,对照组和试验Ⅰ组IL-2、IL-13、IL-19和IFN-γ含量随饲喂时间延长而逐渐增加,试验第90天均显著高于第30天(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组表现为先增加后降低,试验第60天时含量最高,与试验第30,90天均差异显著(P<0.05),试验第90天时均低于第30天,各组间的IL-17和TNF-β含量变化趋势基本相同,均随饲喂时间延长而逐渐下降,试验第30天时含量最高。说明在日粮中添加枸杞多糖免疫增效剂可增加肉羊体重,提高屠宰性能,促进滩寒杂代羔羊对营养物质的吸收,提高免疫功能,有利于生长发育,对肉羊器官发育无不良影响,但应合理控制饲喂时间,饲喂2个月左右效果最佳。
In order to study the effect of adding Lycium barbarum polysaccharide immunopotentiator on growth performance, slaughter performance and immune function of Tan-Han hybrid lambs, a random trial design was used in this study. There are three groups in the experiment and 15 lambs in each group. The initial weight of lambs was about 26 kg, and there was no significant difference in the average initial weight between the groups(P>0.05). The lambs in the experiment group Ⅰ were fed with full price feed containing concentrated feed during fattening period and corn, and the lambs in the experiment group Ⅱ were fed with homemade Lycium barbarum polysaccharide immune enhancement feed(basal diet with 5% Lycium barbarum polysaccharide immunopotentiator). Lambs in the control group were fed a basal diet(feed prepared by oneself). The pre-feeding period was 10 d and the formal period was 90 d. They were fed once at 07:00 and 18:00, respectively. The feeding amount increased from 0.5 kg to 1.0 kg during the pre-feeding period every lamb every day. The lambs were fed 2.0 kg every day throughout the formal trial period. The breeding environment and management conditions of the three groups were the same, including free drinking water and same routine management. Growth performance, slaughter performance(carcass weight, slaughter rate, net meat rate, carcass fat content [GR value], eye muscle area), meat quality traits(shear force, water loss rate and cooked meat rate), visceral index(heart, liver, lung, kidney, small intestine and stomach) and immune indexes(IgA, IgM, IgG, interleukin [IL]-2, IL-13, IL-17, IL-19, interferon γ[IFN-γ] and tumor necrosis factor-β [TNF-β]) were detected in Tan-Han hybrid lamb. The results showed that the diet in the experiment group Ⅱ body weight of Tan-Han hybrid lamb was increased, and the average daily gain was 20.88 g higher than that in control group(P>0.05), and was 40.55 g higher than that of group Ⅰ(P<0.05). The pre-mortem live weight and GR value in the experiment group Ⅱ were 8.10% and 13.70% higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);The water loss rate and shear force of mutton in the experiment group Ⅰ were lower than those in the control group(P>0.05). The organ indexes of liver, lung, kidney and small intestine in test group Ⅱ were slightly lower than those in the control group. The contents of IgA, IgM and IgG in the control group and test group Ⅰ increased gradually with the extension of feeding time, and the contents on the 90 th day were significantly higher than those on the 30 th day(P<0.05), but the contents of IgA, IgM and IgG in test group Ⅱ increased first and then decreased, and the contents of IgA, IgM and IgG were the highest on the 60 th day. The contents of IL-2, IL-13, IL-19 and IFN-γ in the control group and test group Ⅰ increased gradually with the extension of feeding time, and the contents on the 90 th day were significantly higher than those on the 30 th day(P<0.05). The contents of IL-2, IL-13, IL-19 and IFN-γ in the test group Ⅱ increased first and then decreased. The contents were the highest on the 60 th day, which were significantly different from that on the 30 th and 90 th days(P<0.05), The contents of IL-2, IL-13, IL-19 and IFN-γ on the 90 th day of the experiment were lower than those on the 30 th day. The change trend of IL-17 and TNF-β contents was basically the same, which decreased gradually with the extension of feeding time, and the content was the highest on the 30 th day of the experiment. The results indicated that the addition of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide immunopotentiator could increase the weight of mutton sheep, improve the slaughter performance, promote the absorption of nutrients and improve the immune function of Tan-Han hybrid lambs, and was conductive to growth and development. It has no adverse effect on the organ development of mutton sheep, but the treatment time should be controlled reasonably, and the best effect was about two months.
作者
王秀琴
张俊丽
康晓冬
刘文茂
王建东
马吉锋
赵正伟
梁小军
WANG Xiuqin;ZHANG Junli;KANG Xiaodong;LIU Wenmao;WANG Jiandong;MA Jifeng;ZHAO Zhengwei;LIANG Xiaojun(Institute of Animal Science,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;Zhongning Wenmao Grass Source Ecological Feed Co.,Ltd,Zhongning 755100,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第21期102-107,共6页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
宁夏农业科技自主创新专项科技成果转化项目(NNKZZCGZH-201912)
宁夏农林科学院“十三五”重大专项(NKYZ-16-0202)
宁夏农业科技自主创新专项科技攻关项目(NKYZZ-G-19-08)。
关键词
滩寒杂代羊
枸杞多糖免疫增效剂
生长性能
屠宰性能
免疫功能
Tan-Han hybrid lamb
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide immunopotentiator
growth performance
slaughter performance
immune function
