摘要
本文梳理归纳我国2007—2018年主要城市大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))及可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))污染数据,分析大气颗粒物(PM)及负载有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)的年际、季节和空间变化规律。发现我国主要城市大气PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)浓度水平在年际、季节和空间尺度上变化规律相似,2010年以前大气PM浓度较低,之后逐年上升,且自我国《大气污染防治行动计划》等一系列政策实施后,大气PM浓度逐年下降;由于气候和人类活动原因,大气PM浓度呈现秋冬季节浓度高于春夏季节的变化趋势;在不同地理条件下,北方城市大气PM浓度普遍高于南方城市。同时,我国主要城市PM_(2.5)中OC和EC浓度变化趋势与PM_(2.5)大体一致。我国城市大气PM污染有所改善,但形势依旧严峻,需从减少大气排放和政策规范制定等方面加强和完善,以降低大气污染对人体健康的危害。
This article comprehensively summarizes the data of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and inhalable particulate matter(PM_(10))pollution in major cities of China from 2007 to 2018 and analyzes the interannual,seasonal,and spatial variations of atmospheric particulate matter(PM),loaded organic carbon(OC),and elemental carbon(EC).It is found that the concentrations of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) showed the similar changes in year,season,and space scale in major cities of China.The concentration of atmospheric PM was low before 2010 and then gradually increased year by year,and since the implementation of a series of policies including China’s Action Plan on Prevention and Control of Air Pollution,the concentration of PM has gradually decreased year by year.Due to climate change and human activities,the concentration of atmospheric PM in autumn and winter was higher than that in spring and summer,and due to different geographical conditions,the concentration of atmospheric PM in northern cities was generally higher than that in southern cities.Meanwhile,the changing trend of OC and EC concentrations was generally consistent with that of PM_(2.5) in major cities of China.Although certain improvement has been made in PM pollution in major cities of China,the situation is still grim.It is necessary to further reduce atmospheric emissions,and establish policies and technical regulations,so as to reduce the harm of air pollution to human health.
作者
崔倩
张艳平
莫杨
王琼
王立新
CUI Qian;ZHANG Yanping;MO Yang;WANG Qiong;WANG Lixin
出处
《环境卫生学杂志》
2021年第3期287-295,共9页
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(21707131)。
