摘要
为评价氯化苦和棉隆在草莓重茬土壤上的使用效果,采用田间熏蒸技术,研究氯化苦和棉隆熏蒸对草莓土壤养分、土壤病原菌及微生物群落的影响。结果表明:熏蒸前期均会抑制硝化作用,且显著降低土壤有效磷含量和pH值、增加速效钾含量和电导率,到草莓采摘期时恢复至对照水平。棉隆熏蒸后期显著提高有机质含量,效果优于氯化苦处理。土壤病原菌测定结果表明,熏蒸处理对镰刀菌属和疫霉属的抑制率分别为90%和80%以上,但棉隆熏蒸后期对土壤病原菌的防治效果优于氯化苦。对细菌群落分析表明,熏蒸处理均降低了细菌群落的多样性。层级聚类分析表明棉隆对细菌群落的影响比氯化苦的影响小。与氯化苦熏蒸相比,棉隆熏蒸处理还显著增加了绿弯菌门和小单孢菌属等有益微生物的相对丰度。与氯化苦相比,棉隆对土壤微生态的负面影响较小。本研究结果为氯化苦和棉隆在草莓上的应用提供了理论支撑。
In order to evaluate the effects of using chloropicrin and dazomet on strawberry continuous cropping soil,the field fumigation technology was applied to study the effects of chloropicrin and dazomet fumigation on strawberry soil nutrients,soil pathogens and microbial communities.The results showed that nitrification would be inhibited in the early stage of fumigation,thus caused the effective phosphorus content and pH of the soil to be significantly reduced;meanwhile,the available potassium content and electrical conductivity were increased and restored to the control level until the strawberry picking period.In the later stage of fumigation,dazomet significantly increased the content of organic matter,and the effect was better than that of chloropicrin treatment.The test results of soil pathogens showed that the inhibition rate of fumigation treatment on Fusarium and Phytophthora spp.were 90%and 80%,respectively.However,the control effect of dazomet on soil pathogens in the late stage of fumigation was better than that of chloropicrin.Analysis of the bacterial community showed that the fumigation treatment reduced the diversity of the bacterial community.The hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the effect of dazomet on the bacterial community was less than that of chloropicrin.Compared with chloropicrin fumigation,dazomet fumigation significantly increased the relative abundance of beneficial microorganisms such as Chloroflexi,and Micromonospora.In summary,compard with choropicrin,dazomet had less negative impact on the soil micro-ecology.The results of this study provided a theoretical support for the application of chloropicrin and dazomet on strawberries.
作者
李青杰
张大琪
任立瑞
颜冬冬
李园
王秋霞
曹坳程
LI Qingjie;ZHANG Daqi;REN Lirui;YAN Dongdong;LI Yuan;WANG Qiuxia;CAO Aocheng(Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Plant Pest Biology,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《河北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期24-29,共6页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201600)
国家自然科学基金项目(31972313)
果类蔬菜产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC01-2020).
关键词
氯化苦
棉隆
草莓
养分
病原菌
微生物群落
chloropicrin
dazomet
strawberry
nutrients
pathogens
microbial community
