摘要
以长江经济带岩溶地区主要水文站自上世纪50年代以来的水沙监测数据,和国家林业和草原局三期石漠化监测数据为基础,分析了水沙特征变化规律,结果表明:主要水文站的河流年输沙量、年平均含沙量及输沙模数总体呈现下降的趋势,且与河流年径流量存在一定的正相关;而河流年均输沙量与流域石漠化土地面积存在指数正相关;除长江流域水利水电设施起到调蓄洪水、阻滞泥沙外,与21世纪以来国家加大生态建设力度、持续推进石漠化综合治理、减少陡坡耕种、优化林草植被结构,使得水土流失范围减少、强度下降、河流输沙量亦同步降低相关。
Based on the water and sediment monitoring data of the main hydrological stations in the karst area of the Yangtze River Economic Belt since the 1950 s and the third phase of rocky desertification monitoring data of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, this paper analyzes the variation law of water and sediment characteristics from main hydrological stations in this area before the year of 2000 and since this century. The result indicates that the annual sediment transport, annual mean sediment concentration and sediment transport modulus of the main hydrological stations show a overall downward trend, and there is a certain positive correlation with the annual runoff of the river while there is an exponential positive correlation between the average annual sediment transport of river and the area of rocky desertification land in the river basin. In addition to the water conservancy and hydropower facilities in the Yangtze River basin that store floods and block sediments, the overall downward trend is also related to the following factors: since the 21 st century, the national ecological construction has increased, the comprehensive control of rocky desertification has continued to advance, the cultivation of steep slopes has been reduced, the structure of forest and grass vegetation has been optimized, and the extent of soil erosion decrease, its intensity decreases, and the amount of sediment transported by the river also decreases simultaneously.
作者
吴协保
宁小斌
肖金顶
黄俊威
刘伟
卢立
WU Xiebao;NING Xiaobin;XIAO Jinding;HUANG Junwei;LIU Wei;LU Li(Central South Inventory and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Changsha 410014,Hunan,China;Anhua County Forestry Bureau,Anhua 413500,Hunan,China)
出处
《中南林业调查规划》
2021年第3期71-76,共6页
Central South Forest Inventory and Planning
基金
2016年国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502400)。
关键词
长江经济带
石漠化土地
特征
输沙量
含沙量
输沙模数
相关性
the Yangtze River Economic Belt
rocky desertification land
characteristics
sediment transport
sediment concentration
sediment transport modulus
correlation
