摘要
我国自古就有基层调查的良好传统。在王安石变法中,宋神宗与王安石都非常重视基层调查,很多变法措施出台前与实施后都进行过调查,新法“便民”与“害民”的争论也一度围绕着调研的结果展开。为了解基层调研方法的作用,通过案例分析法,以“基层调查”为线索集中分析了青苗法利弊、东明县群访以及市易法的“根究”争论,探讨新法争论的主要依据、标准以及其后的态度和立场。研究结果认为,源于封建专制权力和利益集团基础上形成的不同立场及主观认识差异,导致基层调研这种方法缺乏执行、评估及反馈的客观标准,不仅没有达到正确决策的目的,反而加剧了派系之间的激烈斗争,使执行中出现的弊病和偏差没有得到及时纠正,导致新法由“惠民政策”向“逐利行为”蜕变。
There is a good tradition to organize grass-roots investigation since ancient times in China.In Song Dynasty,Wang Anshi payed great importance to grass-roots investigation and organized many investigations before and after the policies-making.The debate between pro-reform camp and opposition also focused on the results of the investigation whether the new policies were convenient or harmful to people.This article focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of the Green Shoots Law,the group visit of Dongming County and the debate on Market Exchange Law,to discusses the basis principle,attitudes and positions on the social reform.The results show that it was very difficult to gain objective understanding and consensus due to the different positions and group benefit on the basis of feudal autocratic power.Due to the method of grass-roots investigation lacked objective standards for implementation,evaluation and feedback,it was not only fails to achieve the purpose of correct decision-making,but intensifies the fierce struggle among factions after grass-roots investigation on Wang Anshi′s reform,which led to the social reform with unintended consequences.
作者
徐富海
XU Fu-hai(Policy Research Center of Ministry of Civil Affairs,Beijing 100721,China)
出处
《东华理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
2021年第5期508-518,共11页
Journal of East China University of Technology(Social Science)
关键词
王安石
调查研究
便民
良法
Wang Anshi
investigation and research
convenience for public
good law
