摘要
基础教育生均经费支出的公平性影响着教育过程公平和教育结果公平。文章基于1995—2018年基础教育生均经费支出数据和在校生数据,通过计算Gini系数和Theil指数测算了中国基础教育生均经费支出公平性的变化规律。研究发现,1995—2018年中国基础教育生均经费支出公平性总体上处于“比较公平”和“相对合理”水平,且整体上更加公平了;基础教育生均经费支出的省际差异大于区域差异;东部地区基础教育生均经费支出省际差异较大,公平程度较低;全国高中生均经费支出的公平性有降低的趋势。基于以上研究发现,文章提出了相关政策建议。
The equity of expenditure per student on basic education affects the equity of educational process and outcome.Based on the data of expenditure per student on basic education and the data of current students from 1995 to 2018,this paper estimates the equity degree of expenditure per student on basic education in China by calculating the Gini coefficient and Theil index.It is found that the equity of expenditure per student on basic education is generally at a“relatively fair”and“relatively reasonable”level and became more equitable from 1995 to 2018.The inter-provincial difference of basic education expenditure per student is greater than the regional difference.The expenditure of basic education per student in eastern China varies greatly among provinces,and the degree of equity is low.The fairness of the average expenditure of senior high school students tends to decrease.According to the research findings,relevant policy recommendations are put forward.
作者
耿乐乐
Geng Lele(Institute of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《华东师范大学学报（教育科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期60-73,共14页
Journal of East China Normal University:Educational Sciences
关键词
基础教育
生均经费
教育公平
GINI系数
THEIL指数
basic education
education expenditure per student
education equity
Gini coefficient
Theil index
