摘要
针对喷雾机传统风送喷雾系统难以精准控制风量致使漂移现象严重、药液利用率低下的问题,设计了一种将轴流风机与环形喷头相配合的喷雾系统。通过对风机风场进行计算流体力学CFD流体仿真、对标试验、环形喷管内流场仿真确定了环形喷管尺寸参数与喷头安装位置。设计单因素与多因素正交试验来研究风机端口风速、扇形喷头型号与喷头安装倾角对喷雾效果的影响进而确定最佳喷雾参数组合。结果表明:环形喷管应设置在轴流风机出口端面中心位置,3个喷头呈120°均布在环形喷管上;在风机气力作用下,雾滴沉积量的峰值处于距风机端口0.5~1.5 m的范围,风送喷雾装置与靶标果树的作业距离不应超过1.5 m;风机气力有助于细化雾滴,但出口风速不宜大于等于8 m/s;喷雾总体性能与喷头倾角呈极显著相关(P<0.01),喷头安装倾角60°性能最优;雾滴沉积密度随扇形喷头型号的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势,雾滴的体积中值直径随扇形喷头型号的增大而增大;最优配置参数风机风速为6 m/s、喷头型号为02型、喷头安装倾角为60°。此参数组合下雾滴沉积量为5.08μL/cm^(2),表明优化模型可靠。
Aiming at the problems that the traditional air-fed spraying system of sprayer is difficult to accurately control the air volume,resulting in serious drift phenomenon and low utilization rate of liquid medicine,a spraying system with axial fan and annular nozzle was designed.The size parameters of annular nozzle and the installation position of nozzle were determined by CFD fluid simulation,benchmarking test and flow field simulation in annular nozzle.Single-factor and multi-factor orthogonal experiments were designed to study the effects of fan port wind speed,fan nozzle type and nozzle installation inclination angle on spray effect,and then the best spray parameter combination was determined.The results showed that the annular nozzle should be set in the center of the outlet end face of the axial fan,and the three nozzles were evenly distributed on the annular nozzle at an angle of 120°.Under the pneumatic action of the fan,the peak value of fog droplet deposition was in the range of 0.5~1.5 m from the fan port,and the working distance between the air spray device and the target fruit tree should not exceed 1.5 m.The air force of the fan was helpful to refine the fog drops,but the outlet wind speed should not be greater than or equal to 8 m/s.There was a significant correlation between the overall spray performance and the nozzle inclination(P<0.01),and the performance of the nozzle with 60°installation inclination was the best.The deposition density of droplets was increased first and then decreased with the increase of fan nozzle type,and the volume median diameter of droplets was increased with the increase of fan nozzle type.The optimal configuration parameters were fan speed of 6 m/s,nozzle type of 02,and nozzle installation angle of 60°.Under this parameters combination,the total amount of droplet deposition was 5.08μL/cm 2,which indicated that the optimized model was reliable.
作者
李建平
边永亮
霍鹏
王鹏飞
薛春林
杨欣
LI Jianping;BIAN Yongliang;HUO Peng;WANG Pengfei;XUE Chunlin;YANG Xin(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期79-88,共10页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
河北省农业科技成果转化资金专项(19827201D)
河北省现代农业产业技术体系水果创新团队项目(HBCT2018100205)
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-27)
河北省教育厅在读研究生创新能力培育项目(CXZZSS2021073)。
关键词
风送喷雾机
轴流风机
环形喷管
喷雾系统
正交试验
air-fed orchard sprayer
axial fan
annular nozzle
spray system
orthogonal test
