摘要
【目的】明确常用渔药对似鮈的毒性和安全使用剂量,为似鮈养殖病害防治中渔药的选择和安全使用提供参考依据。【方法】在水温21.3~23.5℃的室内条件下,采用静水式生物测试法测定了8种常用渔药对似鮈幼鱼的急性毒性,并应用药物毒性蓄积系数(MAC)分析了药物对似鮈幼鱼的急性致毒效应特征。【结果】8种常用渔药对似鮈幼鱼的急性毒性大小依次为:硫酸铜>二氧化氯>高锰酸钾>45%苯扎溴铵溶液>敌百虫>20%浓戊二醛溶液>10%聚维酮碘溶液>食盐,其安全质量浓度(SC)分别为:0.019、0.061、0.346、0.701、1.377、2.674、6.906、910.6 mg·L^(-1);8种常用渔药对似鮈幼鱼的药物毒性蓄积程度系数(MAC)随着试验时间的延长表现出不同的变化趋势。【结论】综合分析表明,10%聚维酮碘溶液、20%浓戊二醛溶液、45%苯扎溴铵溶液、敌百虫和二氧化氯在似鮈养殖过程中可安全使用;而食盐、高锰酸钾和硫酸铜需谨慎使用。
【Objective】 Acute toxicities of commonly applied drugs on juvenile Pseudogobio vaillanti were determined for safe disease control in aquaculture ponds.【Method】 Using a static bioassay method, toxicities of 8 antimicrobial agents, i.e.,ncluded potassium permanganate, copper sulfate, dipterex, chlorine dioxide, 20% concentrated glutaraldehyde solution, 45%benzalkonium bromide solution, 10% povidone iodine solution, and salt, on juvenile P. vaillanti were studied. The tank water temperature was maintained within 21.3 to 23.5 ℃. Toxicity accumulation coefficient(MAC) was also employed as index for the evaluation.【Result】 The agents displayed toxicities on the fish ranking from the strongest to the weakest as: copper sulfate> chlorine dioxide> potassium permanganate> 45% benzalkonium bromide solution> dipterex> 20% concentrated glutaraldehyde solution>10% povidone iodine solution>salt, with the safety mass concentrations(SC) of 0.019, 0.061, 0.346,0.701, 1.377, 2.674, 6.906, and 910.6 mg·L^(-1), respectively. However, no consistent pattern on MAC of the agents could be obtained as it varied with the duration of treatment. 【Conclusion】 It appeared that most of the commonly used drugs could be safely applied on juvenile P. vaillanti for the aquaculture, but special cautions would be required on the use of salt, potassium permanganate, and copper sulfate.
作者
钟全福
陈斌
樊海平
林煜
卓玉琛
ZHONG Quanfu;CHEN Bin;FAN Haiping;LIN Yu;ZHUO Yuchen(Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian province,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)
出处
《福建农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期1054-1062,共9页
Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
福建省科技计划公益类专项(2019R1014-1)。
关键词
似鮈
常用渔药
急性毒性
安全质量浓度(SC)
药物毒性蓄积程度系数(MAC)
安全性评价
Juvenile Pseudogobio vaillanti
common aquaculture drugs
acute toxicity
safety mass concentration(SC)
toxicity accumulation coefficient(MAC)
safety evaluation
