摘要
目的了解绵阳市毒蘑菇中毒病例的流行病学特征,为针对性防控提供依据。方法通过"国家食源性疾病监测报告系统"导出上报的蘑菇中毒病例,采用描述流行病学方法分析数据。结果 2015—2020年绵阳市共报告毒蘑菇中毒病例758例,死亡2例,死亡病例占同期食源性疾病报告总死亡病例的50.00%;2019—2020年报告的病例数最多,为360例,占47.49%;蘑菇中毒的高发季节为7—9月,占88.26%(669/758);发病年龄段主要为25~64岁,占71.37%(541/758),男女性别比为0.66∶1;职业以农民为主,占61.74%(468/758);进食场所在家庭就餐发生的最多,占82.06%(622/758),蘑菇来源以自采为主,占79.55%(603/758);发病潜伏期最短为20 min,最长为21 h,平均潜伏期为2.5 h。临床表现以消化道系统为主,占93.54%(709/758),其次是全身症状与体征,占49.74%(377/758);住院病例占41.82%(317/758);2020年死亡病例食用的毒蘑菇类别为假褐云斑鹅膏。结论毒蘑菇中毒严重威胁人民群众的身体健康,为减少绵阳市毒蘑菇中毒的发生,应尽快掌握绵阳市毒蘑菇的种类及流行病学体征,有针对性的开展毒蘑菇中毒相关健康教育宣传提高公众的防范意识,最大限度的保护人民群众健康。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of poisonous mushroom poisoning cases in Mianyang City,provide a basis for targeted prevention and control. Methods The reported cases of mushroom poisoning were derived from the "National foodborne disease incident monitoring system",and the data were analyzed by the describe epidemiological methods.Results From 2015 to 2020,a total of 758 cases of mushroom poisoning were reported and 5 died.The number of deaths accounted for 50.00% of the number of total deaths of foodborne diseases in the same period. The number of reported cases from2019-2020 was the largest(360 cases),accounting for 47.49%. The peak season of mushroom poisoning was July to September,accounting for 88.26%(669/758). The age of onset was mainly 25-64 years old,accounting for 71.37%(541/758). The ratio of male to female was 0.66 ∶ 1. The main occupation was farmers,accounting for 61.74%(468/758). The main place where poisonous mushroom poisoning cases occurred was the family,accounting for 82.06%(622/758),The main source of mushroom was selfharvest,accounting for 79.55%(603/758). The shortest latency was 20 minutes,the longest was 21 hours,and the average latency was 2.5 hours. The main clinical manifestation occurred in digestive system,accounting for 93.54%(709/758),followed by constitutional symptom and signs,accounting for 49.74%(377/758). Inpatient cases accounted for 41.82%(317/758). The type of poisonous mushroom consumed by the dead cases in 2020 was Amanita pseudo porphyria. Conclusion Poisonous mushroom poisoning is a serious threat to people’s health. In order to reduce the occurrence of poisonous mushroom poisoning cases in Mianyang City,it is necessary to understand the species and epidemiological signs of poisonous mushrooms in Mianyang City as soon as possible,carry out targeted health education and publicity of poisonous mushroom poisoning to improve public awareness of prevention,to protect people’s health to the greatest extent.
作者
刘颜
何玲玲
向萱轩
LIU Yan;HE Ling-ling;XIANG Xuan-xuan(Public Health Monitoring Institute,Mianyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Mianyang Sichuan,621000,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2021年第21期2920-2923,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
绵阳市卫健委立项课题(2020059)。
关键词
毒蘑菇
中毒
流行病学
特征
绵阳
Poisonous mushroom
Poisoning
Epidemiology
Characteristic
Mianyang City
