摘要
为缓解关中地区水资源短缺与小麦生产高耗水的特征性矛盾,通过田间试验,设置垄沟覆膜还田(FMSR)、垄沟不覆膜还田(FNSR)、垄沟覆膜不还田(FMSN)、垄沟不覆膜不还田(CK)4种不同种植模式,分析了不同处理对小麦土壤养分及水肥利用效率的变化影响。结果表明,较于对照处理,覆膜秸秆还田各指标均显著提高(p<0.05),其中土壤含水率提升了2.73%~29.01%,土壤养分提升了38.41%~40.23%,作物茎干物质量提高了30.6%,水分利用效率提高了24.49%,氮肥偏生产力显著(p<0.05)增加了21.7%。综合土壤养分和水肥利用效率考虑,秸秆还田垄沟覆膜种植方式能够有效促进冬小麦的生长,综合考虑节水、增产的目的,在关中地区推荐垄沟覆膜秸秆还田种植模式为较优的种植模式。
In order to alleviate the contradiction between water shortage and high water consumption of wheat in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi province,in this study,a two-year field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of straw returning and mulching on soil nutrients and water-fertilizer use efficiency of wheat.Four different planting modes were set up,including ridge and furrow mulching with straw returning(FMSR),ridge and furrow no mulching with straw returning(FNSR),ridge and furrow mulching without straw returning(FMSN),and ridge and furrow no mulching without straw returning as a control(CK).The results showed that compared with CK,soil water content,soil nutrients,stem dry biomass of wheat,water use efficiency and partial factor productivity of nitrogen for FMSR were increased by 2.73%~29.01%,38.41%~40.23%,30.6%,24.49%and 21.7%,respectively.Therefore,straw returning and mulching could effectively promote wheat growth and increase yield under ridge and furrow planting pattern.Considering water saving and yield increasing,irrigation of 1800 m^(3)/hm^(2) and nitrogen fertilizer of 150 kg/hm^(2) are recommended for wheat planting under the ridge and furrow mulching with straw returning.
作者
丁午阳
李援农
郭俊文
李旭铮
邹齐芳
杨志超
方恒
张利
余梦
白奚睿
DING Wu-yang;LI Yuan-nong;GUO Jun-wen;LI Xu-zheng;ZOU Qi-fang;YANG Zhi-chao;FANG Heng;ZHANG Li;YU Meng;BAI Xi-rui(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi Province,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2021年第12期8-13,共6页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51979235)
陕西省农业科技创新转化项目(NYKJ-2019-YL)。
关键词
种植模式
土壤养分
水肥利用效率
冬小麦
产量
水分利用效率
氮肥偏生产力
planting patterns
soil nutrients
utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer
fall wheat
output
water use efficiency
nitrogen partial factor productivity
