摘要
目的调查杭州市西湖区2018—2020年青少年近视流行病学特点,分析青少年近视的相关影响因素,并制定相对策略。方法采用横断面分层整群随机抽样法,选取杭州市西湖区2018—2020年6~18岁在校生4825例,均接受眼科检查及问卷调查,统计青少年近视率,并经单因素、多因素分析影响青少年近视的相关因素。结果西湖区2018—2020年青少年近视率58.03%(2800/4825),且近视率呈逐年增长趋势(χ;=285.672,P=0.000)。Logistic多因素结果发现,西湖区青少年近视的危险因素为女生(OR=2.05,P<0.01)、16~18岁(OR=16.16,P<0.01)、高中(OR=27.66,P<0.01)、户外活动时间不足(OR=4.22,P<0.01)、学习时间过长(OR=4.25,P<0.01)、学习距离<0.2m(OR=5.97,P<0.01)、观看电子设备时间≥2h/d(OR=3.60,P<0.01)、父母均近视(OR=1.61,P=0.002)、每天睡眠时间不足(OR=4.68,P<0.01),保护因素为父母总是监督及提醒用眼习惯(OR=0.23,P<0.01)。结论杭州市西湖区2018—2020年青少年近视率较高,且呈逐年增长趋势,其发生与多因素综合作用相关,需针对风险因素制定针对性预防措施,以降低青少年近视患病风险。
Objective To understand the prevalence of myopia among school students in Xihu District of Hangzhou from 2018 to 2020,and to discuss it′s influencing factors.Methods A total of 4825 school students aged 6-18 years were randomly selected in Xihu District of Hangzhou from 2018 to 2020 using cross-sectional stratified cluster sampling method.All participants were given eye examination and a questionnaire survey was also conducted.Single factor and multi-factor analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors for myopia.Results The overall prevalence of myopia in school students was 58.03%(2800/4825),and the myopia rate showed an up-ward trend during study period(χ^(2)=285.672,P=0.000).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that girls(OR=2.05,P<0.01),16-18 years old(OR=16.16,P<0.01),high school students(OR=27.66,P<0.01),insufficient outdoor activities(OR=4.22,P<0.01),overtime studying(OR=4.25,P<0.01),reading distance of<0.2 m(OR=5.97,P<0.01),daily screen time≥2 h(OR=3.60,P<0.01),both parents having myopia(OR=1.61,P=0.002),insufficient sleeping(OR=4.68,P<0.01)were risk factors for myopia of school children,while healthy eye use habits under parents supervision is protective factor(OR=0.23,P<0.01).Conclusions The prevalence of myopia among school students in Xihu District of Hangzhou from 2018 to 2020 is relatively high and is on the rise,which is related to multiple factors.
作者
来坚
李能
王琼琼
金雅芬
LAI Jian;LI Neng;WANG Qiong-qiong;JIN Ya-fen(Department of Ophthalmology,Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310007,China)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期418-422,共5页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
浙江省基础公益研究计划(LGF21H120001)。
