摘要
目的调查某橱柜厂工人工作有关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)的发生情况,探讨导致工人WMSDs的影响因素。方法于2019年10至12月,采用横断面调查方法,使用《肌肉骨骼损伤情况调查问卷》,对广东省某家具制造企业橱柜厂821名生产工人进行WMSDs的发生情况及风险因素调查,采用χ^(2)检验和logistic回归分析导致工人WMSDs的危险因素。结果橱柜厂工人1个及以上部位WMSDs发生率达51.5%(423/821),其前3位依次为肩部(28.4%,233/821)、颈部(28.1%,231/821)、手腕部(25.9%,213/821)。颈部WMSDs发生率在不同工种间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。每分钟多次重复性操作(OR=1.70)、躯干经常保持同一个姿势(OR=1.61)、长时间转头(OR=1.58)和经常搬运重物(OR=1.44)是肩部WMSDs发生的危险因素(P<0.05);颈部经常保持同一姿势(OR=1.91)、每分钟多次重复性操作(OR=1.87)、部门人员短缺(OR=1.65)和长时间转头(OR=1.48)是颈部WMSDs发生的危险因素(P<0.05);手腕长期弯曲(OR=2.25)、用手紧抓物品(OR=2.13)、上肢或手用力作业(OR=1.91)、部门人员短缺(OR=1.84)、每分钟多次重复性操作(OR=1.68)和使用振动工具(OR=1.51)是手腕部WMSDs发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论橱柜厂工人WMSDs发生率较高,以肩部、颈部和手腕部发生情况较为严重,合理劳动组织、降低工作场所不良工效学负荷,减少工人WMSDs的发生。
Objective To investigate the occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)in the cabinet factory workers,and explore the influencing factors of workers'WMSDs.Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to investigate the risk factors such as basic conditions,labox dnganiza,ergonomics load and occurrence of WMSDs of 821 workers in a cabinet factory of a furniture manufacturing company in Guangdong Province using the electronic version of the Musculoskeletal Injury Questionnaire from October to December 2019.χ^(2) test and logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors leading to WMSDs.Results The incidence of WMSDs in cabinet production workers reached 51.5%(423/821),and the top three incidences were shoulder(28.4%,233/821),neck(28.1%,231/821),and wrist(25.9%,213/821).The incidence of neck WMSDs was statistically significant among different types of work(P<0.05).Multiple repetitive operations per minute(OR=1.70),torso often maintaining the same posture(OR=1.61),turning heads for a long time(OR=1.58)and frequent heavy lifting(OR=1.44)were risk factors for the occurrence of shoulder WMSDs(P<0.05).Frequent maintenance of the same posture in the neck(OR=1.91),repeated operations per minute(OR=1.87),shortage of department staff(OR=1.65)and turning head for a long time(OR=1.48)were risk factors for the occurrence of neck WMSDs(P<0.05).Long-term bending of the wrist(OR=2.25),grasping objects tightly(OR=2.13),working hard on the upper limbs or hands(OR=1.91),shortage of department personnel(OR=1.84),repeated operations per minute(OR=1.68)and the use of vibration tools(OR=1.51)were risk factors for the occurrence of WMSDs in the wrist(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of WMSDs in cabinet factory is relatively high,the occurrence of WMSDs in the shoulders,necks and wrists is more serious.Reasonable labor organization and reducing the load of poor ergonomics in the workplace,can reduce the occurrence of WMSDs in production workers.
作者
苏艺伟
杨燕
刘移民
王忠旭
Su Yiwei;Yang Yan;Liu Yimin;Wang Zhongxu(Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital,Guangzhou 510620,China;National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)
出处
《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第11期839-843,共5页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
基金
广州市卫生健康科技项目(20201A011048)
广州市高水平临床重点专科建设项目(穗卫函(2019)1555号)
中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(131031109000150003)。
关键词
肌肉骨骼痛
橱柜制造
工作有关肌肉骨骼疾患
劳动组织
工效学负荷
危险因素
Musculokeletal pain
Cabinet manufacturing
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders
Labor organization
Ergonomic load
Risk factors
