摘要
本文通过田野调查和文献语料比较,发现东部裕固语的辅音p可分布于固有词、借词的词首、词中、词尾,在音节结构上,分布于音节首、音节尾。借词中的辅音p容易辨认。固有词中,摹状词里有较多的辅音p,与蒙古语族其他语言摹状词中的辅音p基本一致,应有共同的来源,其他固有词中的词首辅音p-与词首辅音h-有交替现象。经与中期蒙古语文献和蒙古语族10种语言进行比较,认为东部裕固语的词首辅音p-当属古蒙古语乃至蒙古语族语言固有的辅音;而词首辅音h-应源于p-的演变,这种演变能够为兰司铁的阿尔泰语音规律p>f>h>?的可能性提供支持。
Based on field surveys and comparison of document data,this paper finds out that consonant p in Eastern Yugur can occur at the initial,middle and final positions of a native word or a loanword,and in terms of syllabic structure,it can occur at the initial and final positions of a syllable.This consonant is easily identifiable in loanwords.As regards native words,it occurs frequently in mimetics,basically consistent with its counterparts in mimetics in other Mongolic languages,which are supposed to evolve from a common origin;in other native words,word initial p-can be seen alternating with word initial h-.After a comparative study of Eastern Yugur with Middle Mongolian documents and ten other Mongolic languages,this paper argues that word initial p-is native to Old Mongolian or even Mongolic languages,and word initial h-evolves from p-,which provides support for the probability of the Altaic phonological hypothesis p > f > h > ? proposed by G.J.Ramstedt.
出处
《民族语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第5期66-77,共12页
Minority Languages of China
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“河西走廊民族语言的跨学科研究(18ZDA299)”的阶段性成果。
