摘要
目的了解云南省6岁以下婴幼儿家长对脊髓灰质炎(poliomyelitis,简称脊灰)及其疫苗接种认知现状,探讨消灭脊灰科普教育的有效方法。方法采用方便抽样方法选取云南省内24个社区卫生服务中心儿童疫苗接种点,对6岁以下婴幼儿家长进行问卷调查。结果发放问卷600份,回收有效问卷553份。接种医生为婴幼儿家长获取疫苗知识的主要来源(70.5%);在选择疫苗时,接种医生的建议是最大的影响因素(68.2%)。亲子关系、文化程度、家庭收入及家庭主要成员职业是否与医学相关等特征不同的儿童家长,选择疫苗时的影响因素不同。不同特征的婴幼儿家长对4方面的脊灰及其疫苗知识的回答正确率不同。是否会选择接种自费IPV,不同特征婴幼儿家长的选择有显著差异。选择自费IPV时,不同亲子关系、家庭月收入特征的家长在优先考虑因素差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论婴幼儿家长对脊灰及其疫苗接种认知情况存在差异,应根据家长情况及其需求,采取有针对性的科普教育方式,以提高家长对脊灰及其疫苗知识的认知,有助于我国维持无脊灰状态。
Objective To understand the status quo of parents′awareness of poliomyelitis and its vaccination in Yunnan Province,China,and to explore effective methods of population-education for poliomyelitis eradication.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among parents of children at ages of not more than 6 years in 24 community health service centers in Yunnan Province by using the convenient sampling method.Results A total of 600 questionnaires were issued and 553 valid questionnaires were recovered.Vaccinators were main source of vaccine knowledge for the parents(70.5%).The recommendation of the inoculating physician was the major influencing factor of choice of vaccine(68.2%).However,the influencing factors of choice of vaccine were different in the parents with different characteristics,such as parent-child relationship,education ground,family income and whether the occupations of major family members were medically related.The correction rates of four aspects of knowledge about polio and its vaccine were different in the parents with different characteristics.There were significant differences in the choice of parents with different characteristics as to whether they will choose to receive IPV at their own expense.However,when the IPV at their own expense was chosen,the priority factors were different in the parents with different characteristics of parentchild relationship and family monthly income.Conclusion There are differences in children′s parents′cognition of poliomyelitis and its vaccination.According to parents′situation and needs,targeted popularization education methods should be carried out to improve parents′knowledge of poliomyelitis and its vaccine,so as to help maintain the poliomyelitis-free status in China.
作者
石昊昱
仲志磊
王竞冬
李颖
李佳炫
陈秋雨
尹兴晓
杨净思
SHI Hao-yu;ZHONG Zhi-lei;WANG Jing-dong;LI Ying;LI Jia-xuan;CHEN Qiu-yu;YIN Xing-xiao;YANG Jing-si(Institute of Medical Biology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Kunming 650118,Yunnan Province,China)
出处
《中国生物制品学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第11期1334-1339,1351,共7页
Chinese Journal of Biologicals
基金
国家科技重大专项“重大新药创制”(2015ZX09101031)
工信部“2019年儿童用联合疫苗、肺炎结合疫苗等新型疫苗项目”-Ⅰ型Ⅲ型脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(人二倍体细胞)系列产品产业化(0714-EMTC-02-00908)。
关键词
脊髓灰质炎
脊髓灰质炎疫苗
认知情况
问卷调查
Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis vaccine
Cognition
Questionnaire investigation
