摘要
种族主义逻辑是影响美国外交决策的重要因素之一。其对美国外交决策的影响主要包括三方面:第一,将多个有着类似种族背景的族裔团体加以泛种族化操作,或者将这些团体孤立出来加以族裔种族化操作,从而框定美国外交政策,特别是设定针对特定种族/族裔的政策边界,实现战略简化;第二,利用美国社会的恐外心理识别美国的战略威胁、潜在对手或"敌人",并寻找美国内部的"特洛伊木马",实现战略聚焦;第三,通过在国际难民移民政策领域采取人道主义举措,抢占道义高地,以实现战略掩饰。经过长期实践,种族主义逻辑的各要素已实现高度整合:泛种族化操作可有效模糊外交决策的种族主义色彩,而人道主义举措更是为其添加道德外衣;对族裔种族化和恐外心理的利用则可成功地将种族主义关切转移到"敌人"身上。至此,种族主义逻辑对美国外交决策的影响得以被成功掩藏。
Racist logic is an important decisive factor in American foreign policy making,and its influence on American foreign policy making is manifested in three aspects.First,panracializing multiple ethnic groups with similar ethnic backgrounds or ethnic-racializing these ethnic groups by isolating them,based on which to frame American foreign policy,particularly to set policy boundaries for the target racial/ethnic groups,so as to achieve strategic simplification.Second,identifying strategic threats and potential rivals or adversaries by the use of xenophobia of the American society and looking for the“Trojan horse”inside the U.S.,so as to achieve strategic focus.Third,seizing the moral high ground by the adoption of humanitarian measures in international refugee and immigration policies,so as to achieve strategic cover.After a long-term practice,elements of the racist logic have achieved a high degree of compatibility:pan-racialization can effectively obscure racist concerns in foreign policy making,while humanitarian measures give it a moral veneer;and the racializing of ethnic groups and the using of xenophobia can successfully shift racist concerns to the“adversaries”.As a result,the infuence of racist logic on American foreign policy making is successfully covered up.
作者
潘亚玲
莫婉婷
Pan Yaling;Mo Wanting(the Institute of International Relations,Yunnan University)
出处
《和平与发展》
CSSCI
2021年第6期67-89,130,共24页
Peace and Development
基金
2019年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“新型大国关系语境下的中美人文交流研究”(19JJDGAT001)的阶段性成果。
