摘要
本研究于2018年夏季和冬季,在南京使用吸附浓缩在线监测系统(AC-GCMS 1000)对大气中的挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)进行测量,估算其所造成的健康风险并解析VOCs所造成致癌与非致癌风险的污染来源.结果表明,采样期间南京市冬季φ(总VOCs)为105.7×10^(-9),为夏季(34.5×10^(-9))的3.1倍,以烷烃为主要物种.在健康风险方面,冬季毒性VOCs所造成的非致癌风险及致癌风险值分别为9.43和1.0×10^(-4),是夏季非致癌(5.58)与致癌风险(2.69×10^(-5))的1.7和3.8倍,而丙烯醛和1,2-二氯乙烷是非致癌与致癌风险的主要物种.最后,利用PMF模型解析5个VOCs的污染来源,分别是有机涂料溶剂源、生物质燃烧源、车辆排放源、石油化工源和溶剂源2.车辆排放源是造成致癌风险的最大来源(夏季28.2%和冬季48.0%).因此,建议有针对性地控制毒性VOCs及车辆尾气的排放,以减小可能对公众健康产生的危害.
The atmospheric VOC concentrations were measured in Nanjing using an online gas chromatography mass spectrometer/flame ionization detector(GC/MS)in the summer and winter of 2018.The health risk induced by the VOCs and their potential sources were also quantified.Our results showed thatφ(total VOCs)was 105.7×10^(-9) in the winter,which was 3.1 times higher than that in the summer(34.5×10^(-9)),and alkanes were the predominant component of the ambient VOCs.The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks caused by the toxic VOCs were estimated to be 9.43 and 1.0×10^(-4) in the winter,respectively,exceeding that in the summer by a factor of 1.7 and 3.8.Acrolein and 1,2-dichloroethane were the dominant species contributing to non-cancer and cancer risks,respectively.Using a positive factorization matrix(PMF)model,the five sources for health risks were identified,including solvent coating materials,biomass burning vehicle emissions,petrochemical refinery,and solvent usage.Note that vehicle emissions contributed the largest fraction(28.2%in summer and 48.0%in winter)to carcinogenic risk in Nanjing.Thus,we highlighted that the strict reduction of specific VOCs from vehicle emissions would decrease the threats to human health in Nanjing City.
作者
张子金
林煜棋
张煜娴
曹梦瑶
章炎麟
ZHANG Zi-jin;LIN Yu-chi;ZHANG Yu-xian;CAO Meng-yao;ZHANG Yan-lin(Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment,International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC),School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,Minister of Education,Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD),Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第12期5673-5686,共14页
Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41977305)
江苏省双创团队项目
江苏省杰出青年基金项目(BK20180040)。
关键词
挥发性有机物(VOCs)
来源解析
健康风险
致癌和非致癌风险
源分摊
volatile organic compounds(VOCs)
source analysis
health risks
carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk
source apportionment
