摘要
随着无人机的出现和发展,各种传感器的小型化和智能化程度不断提高,装载传感器的无人机成为获得空间数据的高效工具。因其成本低、重访周期短、快速高效、质轻灵活、操作简便、影像获取时空精度高等特点,广泛应用于矿区土地损伤监测。以"无人机(UAV)、反演(Inversion)、土壤监测(Soil Monitoring)、地表塌陷(Surface Collapse)、地裂缝(Ground Fissure)"为关键词,通过总结Web of Science、知网、谷歌学术等检索系统中2010年1月—2021年5月发表的学术论文,对比分析无人机监测技术与其他监测技术的差别,综述无人机监测矿区重金属、土壤含水率、含盐量、地表塌陷、地裂缝及边坡稳定性的一般流程及数据处理方法,并概述无人机在矿区表土特征及地质灾害监测中的应用前景,认为未来可通过集成野外时序跟踪调查、高精度土壤质量监测技术、高空间分辨率无人机监测技术、数字模拟手段和典型工作面的试验监测与分析,研究工作面自开切眼至停采线动态推进中地质灾害与土壤质量演化耦合关系,构建采煤沉陷区土壤质量演化预测理论体系和时序演变模型。从而进一步探讨矿区土壤质量与地质灾害之间的关系,提出减缓、控制及提升矿区土壤质量的措施,为我国煤炭生产基地煤炭资源开采与生态环境的协调可持续发展提供技术支撑。
With the emergence and development of UAVs and the improvement of the miniaturization and intelligence of various sensor, UAVs equipped with sensors have become an efficient tool for obtaining spatial data. Because UAVs are low cost, short revisit period, fast and efficient, light and flexible, simple operation, and high temporal and spatial accuracy of image acquisition, it is widely used in mining land damage monitoring. Using “UAV, Inversion, Soil Monitoring, Surface Collapse, Ground Fissure” as keywords, this paper summarizes the academic papers of the search system in the web of science, CNKI, and Google Scholar from January 2010 to May 2021. Through comparing and analyzing the differences between drone monitoring technology and other detection technologies, the drone monitoring of heavy metals, soil moisture content, and salt content in mining areas is reviewed. The general process and data processing methods of the measurement, surface subsidence, ground fissures and slope stability, and the application prospects of UAVs in surface soil characteristics and geological disaster monitoring in mining areas are summarized. It is believed that in the future, it is possible to integrate field time series tracking investigation, high-precision soil quality monitoring technology, high-spatial resolution drone monitoring technology, digital simulation methods, and test monitoring and analysis of typical working faces to study the coupling relationship between geohazards and soil quality evolution in the dynamic advancement of the working face from the open-off cut to the stop of mining. The coupled relationship is to construct a theoretical system and time series evolution model for the prediction of soil quality evolution in coal mining subsidence areas. This will further explore the relationship between soil quality in mining areas and geological disasters, and propose measures to mitigate, control and improve soil quality in mining areas, providing technical support for the coordinated and sustainable development of coal resource mining and ecological environment in China’s coal production bases.
作者
龙林丽
刘英
张旭阳
苏永东
陈孝杨
LONG Linli;LIU Ying;ZHANG Xuyang;SU Yongdong;CHEN Xiaoyang(School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Ecological Protection in High Water Level Mining Areas,Huainan 232001,China)
出处
《煤田地质与勘探》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期200-211,共12页
Coal Geology & Exploration
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(4157020161)
安徽理工大学校级重点项目(自然科学类)(xjzd2020-04)。
关键词
无人机
采煤矿区
土壤监测
地质灾害监测
UAV
coal mining area
soil monitoring
geological disaster monitoring
