摘要
甲午战争期间,日本教育界的战争观与对华观不仅驱动着其战时的教育实践,而且在更长时段影响了战争体验与记忆在日本的代际传播。在对战争性质的认识上,日本教育界普遍认同本国开战立场的“正义性”。这一“义战”观在催生了所谓“战时责任”的同时,又促使其将战争视为绝佳的“教育时机”。随着日军接连获胜,日本教育界开始力陈“教育致胜”之说,以制造舆论,争取部分战争赔款用于教育。与此同时,战败的晚清中国沦为日本教育界蔑视的对象,并作为他者被其建构出“商业中国”与“古典中国”的形象,在现实与历史之间呈现多重面相。“战后经营策”的层出叠现反映了战时对日本教育社会的深刻影响,甲午战争堪称近代日本教育史上的重要节点。
Japanese educational circle’s views on War and on China during the First Sino-Japanese War not only drive its wartime educational practice,but also influence the intergenerational propagation of war experience and memory in Japanese society for a longer period of time.On the understanding of the nature of war,Japanese educational communities generally approve of the“justice”of their government’s stand on starting the war.While creating the so-called“wartime responsibility”,the view of“justice war”also promotes them to regard wars as excellent“educational opportunity”.As the Japanese army wins successively,Japanese educational communities begin to advocate the notion of“education wins”in order to whip up public opinion and secure part of the war reparations used for education.Meanwhile,the defeated late Qing Dynasty which is descend to be the object of contempt,has been constructed the image of“commercial China”and“classical China”,presenting multiple images between reality and history.The recurrences of“postwar develop strategy”reflect the war’s profound impact on Japanese educational society.The First Sino-Japanese War can be regarded as an important node in the history of modern Japanese education.
作者
马步云
邢永凤
Ma Buyun;Xing Yongfeng
出处
《东北亚外语研究》
2021年第4期90-96,共7页
Foreign Language Research in Northeast Asia
关键词
甲午战争
日本教育界
战争观
中国观
《教育时论》
First Sino-Japanese War
Japanese educational circle
views on war
views on China
Kyoiku-Jiron Journal
