摘要
通过典型区侵蚀沟实地测量,对2013年国家公布的基于遥感解译的东北黑土区沟蚀普查结果进行验证,为黑土区沟蚀危害评价和防治提供科学依据。选取沟蚀严重的450 km^(2)的漫川漫岗黑土区为实测调查区域,采取人工实地判断并系统测量侵蚀沟立体形态特征参数、记录侵蚀沟背景信息,将实测结果与所在区域国家普查公告结果比对分析。结果表明:1)基于普查设定的沟长100~5000 m的条件,与实测结果比较,调查区普查侵蚀沟数量准确率为72.1%;包括235条长度<100 m和13条主干沟的实测侵蚀沟总数为1044条,实测侵蚀沟数量是普查的574条的近1倍。2)调查区沟蚀强度被低估接近1/2,以沟壑密度计,普查为0.78 km/km^(2),实测为1.16 km/km^(2);以沟谷面积比计,普查为1.44%,实测为3.38%,沟蚀强度差一个等级。3)普查结果的实测验证表明不同类型的侵蚀沟数量存在显著差异,主要是由于普查DEM分辨率较低和部分沟道信息从卫星影像上较难获取。4)通过对侵蚀沟形态指标进行相关性分析,发现面积-体积拟合程度最好,R^(2)=0.936。调查区沟蚀现状无论是数量还是沟蚀强度均要较2013年国家公告的普查结果大,侵蚀沟多为耕地中的中小型沟,多处在发育阶段,相对易于治理。
[Background]A field survey of gully erosion in a typical black soil region was conducted to verify the results from remote sensing interpretation announced by Chinese government in 2013,aiming to provide a scientific basis for the evaluation and prevention of gully erosion in the black soil region of Northeast China.[Methods]A rolling hilly region of 450 km^(2) with severe gully erosion was selected as the field survey area of this study.The land use,geographic coordinates and morphological parameters of gullies were measured to be compared and analyzed with the results of the national census announcement in this study region.[Results]The remote sensing interpretation only focused on the gullies with length of 100-5000 m.Our results showed that the gully number(1044)obtained by field survey including the gullies of<100 m in length(235)and main gully channels(13)was nearly double that(574)from remote sensing interpretation,indicating the accuracy rate of the number of gullies confirmed by remote sensing interpretation was 72.1%in the survey area.The gully density obtained by remote sensing interpretation was 0.78 km/km^(2) that was close to half of that(1.2 km/km^(2))by field survey.The gully area by remote sensing interpretation and field survey was 1.44%and 2.45%,respectively,implying that the remote sensing interpretation underestimated the gully intensity by one class according to the national classification standard of gully erosion intensity.The lower quantity of different types of gullies obtained by remote sensing interpretation than field survey was mainly due to the low-resolution DEM and the difficulty of obtaining some gully information from satellite images.The gully volume had the optimal relation with gully area(R^(2)=0.936).[Conculsions]Overall,both number of gullies and intensity of gully erosion in the survey area are higher than the results announced by government in 2013.The most gullies are small and medium-sized gullies developed in cultivated lands,which are mostly in the development stage and are relatively easy to manage.
作者
丁超
张晟旻
胡伟
严月
祁志
韩兴
张兴义
DING Chao;ZHANG Shengmin;HU Wei;YAN Yue;QI Zhi;HAN Xing;ZHANG Xingyi(College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118, Changchun, China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 150081, Harbin, China)
出处
《中国水土保持科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期77-85,共9页
Science of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家重点研发项目“东北黑土区侵蚀沟生态修复关键技术研发与集成示范”(2017YFC0504200)
黑龙江省级资助项目“侵蚀沟秸秆填埋复垦技术”(GX18B051)
国家自然科学基金“黑土农田垄体地表径流汇集与输沙过程研究”(41701313)。
关键词
土壤普查
侵蚀沟
遥感
GIS
东北黑土区
general detailed soil survey
gully erosion
remote sensing
GIS
the black soil region of Northeast China
