摘要
水土保持是生态文明建设的重要组成部分,是国家重点资助应用基础研究,是践行“绿水青山就是金山银山”治理理念的经济发展领域。当前我国水土流失问题依然严峻,仍有超过国土四分之一水土流失面积,且分布广、治理难度大,给生态环境和社会经济造成严重破坏,亟待加快推进小流域侵蚀沟治理。基于土壤生物工程技术的小流域侵蚀沟治理已受到国内外学者高度关注,国内相关研究理论储备较充分,但理论结合实践方面距世界先进水平仍有较大差距。为进一步推动该技术在我国的应用和发展,文章综述了土壤生物工程的需求背景、概念和发展;其次,从生态视角梳理其地上-地下生态功能,论述其优缺点,探讨影响工程建设与实施的主要因素;最后,做了适合我国国情的土壤生物工程研究展望。结果表明土壤生物工程技术不仅是高效的小流域侵蚀沟生态治理方法,还兼具经济与景观功效。建议在系统开展基于土壤生物工程技术的小流域侵蚀沟治理的同时,进一步加强其理论和技术研究,以期提供更完善的理论支撑和因地制宜的技术方法,进而为科学推进我国水土流失综合治理工作奠定坚实基础。
Soil and water conservation is an important part of the construction of ecological civilization.It is a national key funded application of basic research.It is a field of development to practice the governance concept of“Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”.At present,the problem of soil and water loss in China is still serious.There is more than one quarter of the soil and water loss area,which is widely distributed and difficult to manage,causing serious damage to the ecological environment and socioeconomic conditions.Erosion gully management in small watersheds based on soil biotechnology has attracted much attention from scholars at home and abroad.In order to further promote the application and development of this technology in our country,this paper first discusses the origin and development of soil bioengineering technology;secondly,it summarizes the main methods of erosion gully management based on soil bioengineering technology,and discusses its advantages and disadvantages;finally,it discusses the main factors affecting the implementation of soil biological engineering construction and their ecological functions.The results show that soil bioengineering technology is not only an efficient ecological restoration method for the management of erosional gullies in small watersheds,but also has both economic and landscape effects.It is suggested that while systematically conducting erosion control of small watersheds based on soil bioengineering technology,their theoretical and technical research should be strengthened,in order to provide more comprehensive theoretical support and technical methods adapted to local conditions for erosion channel management,and it will lay a solid foundation for scientifically promoting the comprehensive management of soil and water loss in China.
作者
冷瑜
曹丽娜
张振兴
孙伟
杨海军
林晨鹭
高玉福
LENG Yu;CAO Lina;ZHANG Zhenxing;SUN Wei;YANG Haijun;LIN Chenlu;GAO Yufu(Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology,Ministry of Education,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration,School of Environment,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130117,Jilin Province,China;Institute of Ecology and Environmental Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650000,China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2021年第6期225-232,共8页
Ecological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(32071587,41501566)
留学基金委项目(202006625001)
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07101003)
吉林省教育厅项目(JJKH20211293KJ)。
关键词
侵蚀沟
水土流失
生态修复
土壤生物工程
erosion gully
soil erosion
ecological restoration
soil bioengineering
