摘要
目的掌握青海省饮茶型地方性氟中毒(简称地氟病)的流行情况。方法2019年,在青海省8个市(州)有饮用砖茶习惯的县(市、区,简称县),以村为单位开展饮茶型地氟病调查。每个村抽取10户家庭,入户调查每户家庭人口学资料及砖茶饮用情况,采集居民饮用水和砖茶测定氟含量,计算日人均茶氟摄入量;对25岁以上成人进行氟骨症检查;对所有8~12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查。水氟、茶氟含量检测采用离子选择电极法;氟骨症诊断采用《地方性氟骨症诊断标准》(WS 192-2008);氟斑牙诊断采用《氟斑牙诊断》(WS/T 208-2011)标准。结果共采集生活饮用水3602份,水氟含量均值为0.31 mg/L,范围为0.20~1.00 mg/L。采集砖茶31067份,茶氟含量几何均值为646 mg/kg,范围为40~2295 mg/kg,茶氟含量≤300 mg/kg的砖茶占全部样本的7.80%(2422/31067);饮用茯砖茶的人群占89.97%(27952/31067);日人均茶氟摄入量为1.93 mg,其中果洛、玉树、海南州日人均茶氟摄入量均超过我国日人均总摄氟量卫生标准(3.50 mg)。成人X线氟骨症检出率为0.16%(2357/1484907),其中玉树州最高,为29.23%(592/2025);其次是果洛州,为8.21%(771/9393)。儿童氟斑牙检出率为4.79%(8076/168623),其中玉树州最高,为32.61%(1562/4790)。结论青海省饮茶型地氟病流行于全省,有明显的地域性,覆盖人口众多,玉树、果洛州流行相对较重。
Objective To study the epidemic status of drinking tea type endemic fluorosis in Qinghai Province.Methods In 2019,in counties(cities,districts,referred to as counties)that had the habit of drinking brick tea in 8 cities(prefectures)of Qinghai Province,epidemiological investigation of drinking tea type endemic fluorosis was carried out in villages.Ten households were randomly selected from each village,to investigate the demographic data of each household and the drinking situation of brick tea,residents'drinking water and brick tea samples were collected to determine the fluorine content,and calculate the daily per capita tea fluorine intake.At the same time,skeletal fluorosis was examined in all adults over 25 years old,and dental fluorosis was examined in all children aged 8 to 12 years old in survey sites.The content of fluorine in tea and water was detected by ion selective electrode method;the diagnosis of skeletal fluorosis was based on"Diagnostic Criteria for Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis"(WS 192-2008),the diagnosis of dental fluorosis was based on"Diagnosis of Dental Fluorosis"(WS/T 208-2011).Results The mean(range)of fluorine of the 3602 water samples was 0.31(0.20-1.00)mg/L.The geometric mean(range)of fluorine of the 31067 brick tea samples was 646(40-2295)mg/kg,the fluorine content of the brick tea≤300 mg/kg accounted for 7.80%(2422/31067)of the total samples.The proportion of drinking Fu brick-tea was 89.97%(27952/31067);and the daily per capita tea fluorine intake was 1.93 mg,the daily per capita tea fluorine intake in Guoluo,Yushu and Hainan prefectures were higher than the health standard(3.50 mg).The detection rate of skeletal fluorosis in adults was 0.16%(2357/1484907),Yushu Prefecture was the highest[29.23%(592/2025)],followed by Guoluo Prefecture,which was 8.21%(771/9393).The detection rate of dental fluorosis in children was 4.79%(8076/168623),Yushu Prefecture was the highest[32.61%(1562/4790)].Conclusion Drinking tea type endemic fluorosis is prevalent in Qinghai Province,with obvious regional characteristics,covering a large population.The disease is relatively popular in Yushu Prefecture and Guoluo Prefecture.
作者
陈萍
鲁青
张强
蒲光兰
孟献亚
姜泓
喇翠玲
王明君
李生梅
杨佩珍
沈洪婷
魏生英
Chen Ping;Lu Qing;Zhang Qiang;Pu Guanglan;Meng Xianya;Jiang Hong;La Cuiling;Wang Mingjun;Li Shengmei;Yang Peizhen;Shen Hongting;Wei Shengying(Department for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Xining 810021,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第12期990-994,共5页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0607)
关键词
氟
砖茶
氟中毒
牙
氟骨症
流行
Fluorine
Brick tea
Fluorosis,dental
Skeletal fluorosis
Epidemiological
