太湖流域分省市水环境政策量化分析与比较被引量：8

Quantitative analysis and comparative study on provincial water environment policies in the Tai Lake Basin

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摘要太湖流域是长江经济带建设的重点区域,而良好的水环境是太湖流域在全国率先实现一体化和高质量发展的重要前提。当前太湖流域水环境形势严峻,流域内两省一市水环境保护政策协同性不足是重要原因。为分析太湖流域水环境政策存在的问题,对政策体系进行系统性调整,建立了流域水环境政策三维比较框架,将理论框架与数理统计方法相结合,对沪苏浙水环境政策文本进行差异性和关联性量化比较分析并刻画政策网络,进而提出对策建议。研究表明:(1)近年来,沪苏浙水环境政策供给质量逐渐提高,政策类型丰富,政策重点较为突出,各地区政策侧重点有所差异。(2)由于不同阶段的水环境问题及其产生原因的不同,各阶段的三维政策框架具有不同的特征,但总体上呈现出逐步多元稳固的趋势;在各个阶段内政策目标、政策工具和政策执行者联系紧密且相互影响并发生变化。(3)目前太湖流域水环境政策体系存在的问题包括政策目标设置机制尚不完善、政策工具的运用缺乏灵活性和创新性、缺乏调动市场和社会积极性的长效机制、水环境治理相关政策间缺乏联动性等。最后,从完善目标体系、综合运用各类政策工具、强化第三方参与流域水环境管理、提高政策层级与增加政策合力等方面提出了对策建议。 The Tai Lake Basin is the key area for the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.Good water environment is an important prerequisite for the Tai Lake Basin to take the lead in achieving integration and high-quality development in China.However,the current water environment situation in the Tai Lake Basin is severe.Insufficient coordination of water environmental protection policies of Shanghai,Jiangsu,and Zhejiang is an important reason.In order to analyze the problems of water environment policies and systematically adjust the policy system in the Tai Lake Basin,a three-dimensional comparative framework of water environment policies in the basin was established.The theoretical framework was combined with mathematical statistical methods.The differences and relevance of provincial water environment policy documents were quantitatively compared and analyzed and the policy network was mapped,and then countermeasures were put forward.The results show that:(1)In recent years,the supply quality of water environment policies of Shanghai,Jiangsu,and Zhejiang has gradually improved,with diversified policy types,prominent policy priorities,and different regional policy priorities.(2)Due to the differences in the water environment problems at different stages and their causes,the three-dimensional policy framework at each stage has different characteristics,but on the whole it shows a trend of gradual diversification and stability;the connection of policy objectives,policy tools,and policy executors in each stage is close and they affect each other and change.(3)The existing problems in the water environment policy system of the Tai Lake Basin include imperfect policy target setting mechanism,the lack of flexible and innovative policy tools,the lack of a longterm mechanism to mobilize the enthusiasm of the market and society,and the lack of linkages between water environment governance policies.This research provides new ideas and methods for the comparison of policies in different regions in the basin and recommendations for systematically adjusting the water environment policy system of the Tai Lake Basin.Finally,countermeasures were put forward in terms of improving the target system,comprehensively using various policy tools,strengthening third-party participation in river basin water environment management,improving policy levels,and increasing policy synergy.

作者杨明一乔海娟王银堂胡庆芳张丛林 YANG Mingyi;QIAO Haijuan;WANG Yintang;HU Qingfang;ZHANG Conglin(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Bcihang University,Beijing 100191,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210098,China;Institutes of Science and Development,CAS,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区北京航空航天大学人文社会科学学院南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院

出处《资源科学》 CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 2021年第10期2042-2054,共13页 Resources Science

基金中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA20020303) 第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0401) 教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(18JZD059)。