摘要
【目的】研究核麦间作模式下密度对冬小麦旗叶光合特性及产量的影响。【方法】以新冬40号为材料,于2016~2017年在核麦间作田,设置5个密度分别为450×10^(3)株/hm^(2)(M_(1)),525×10^(3)株/hm^(2)(M_(2)),600×10^(3)株/hm^(2)(M_(3)),675×10^(3)株/hm^(2)(M_(4)),750×10^(3)株/hm^(2)(M_(5)),研究核桃不同冠区冬小麦旗叶净光合速率(P_(n))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、气孔导度(G_(s))、胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))及产量和产量构成因素对密度的响应。【结果】随着密度的增大,冠下区冬小麦旗叶的净光合速率(P_(n))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、气孔导度(G_(s))和产量均表现出不同程度的降低;远冠区,小麦旗叶的P_(n)、T_(r)、G_(s)和产量均表现出"先升高后降低"的变化规律,各指标基本在M_(2)处理达到最大,且冠下区各密度处理冬小麦旗叶P_(n)、T_(r)和G_(s)均低于相应远冠区。籽粒产量,冠下区M_(1)(450×10^(3)株/hm^(2))处理最高为3212.19 kg/hm^(2),远冠区M_(2)(525×10^(3)株/hm^(2))处理最高为3911.12 kg/hm^(2)。【结论】在核麦间作模式下,冠下区冬小麦应采取稀播,密度应控制在450×10^(3)株/hm^(2)以内,远冠区冬小麦适宜密度为525×10^(3)株/hm^(2)。
【Objective】 To explore the effects of planting density on photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaves andyieldof winter wheat in nuclear wheat intercropping model.【Method】 Using Xindong 40 as the test material,from 2016-2017,planting densities of 4.5 million plants/ha(M_(1)),5.25 million plants/ha(M_(2)),6 million plants/ha(M_(3)),6.75 million plants/ha(M_(4)) and 7.5 million plants/ha(M_(5)) were set in nuclear wheat intercropping fields.The responses of net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),Transpiration rate(T_(r)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),intercellular CO_(2) concentration(C_(i)),yield and yield components of winter wheat in different canopy areas of walnut to planting density were studied.【Result】 The results showed that as the density increased,the net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),transpiration rate(T_(r)),stomatal conductance(G_(s))and yield of winter wheat in the sub-canopy showed different degrees.P_(n),T_(r),G_(s) of wheat’s flag leaves and yield in the far-crown region showed a “rising first and then decreasing” change pattern,and each index basically reached the maximum during M_(2) treatment,and P_(n),T_(r),G_(s),of winter wheat’s flag leaves under different densities were lower than those in the corresponding canopy regions.In terms of grain yield,the highest treatment under M_(1)(4.5 million plants/hm^(2)) in the crown area was 3,212.19 kg/hm^(2),and the highest treatment in M_(2)(5.25 million plants/hm^(2)) in the far crown area was 3 911.12 kg/hm^(2).【Conclusion】 To sum up,under nuclear wheat intercropping mode,winter wheat should be sparsely planted in the canopy area,planting density should be controlled within 4.5 million plants/hm^(2),and suitable planting density for winter wheat in the far crown area is 5.25 million plants/hm^(2).
作者
高永红
雷钧杰
张永强
陈传信
方辉
范贵强
丁银灯
黄天荣
GAO Yonghong;LEI Junjie;ZHANG Yongqiang;CHEN Chuanxin;FANG Hui;FAN Guiqiang;DING Yingdeng;HUANG Tianrong(Research Institute of Food Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第12期2169-2175,共7页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(31960379,51879267)
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD020040609)
国家小麦产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-3-49)
国家小麦产业技术体系喀什综合试验站(CARS-3-50)。
关键词
核麦间作
密度
冬小麦
光合特性
产量
walnut-wheat intercropping system
density
winter wheat
physiological characteristics
yield
