摘要
【目的】揭示滇西南地区蚂蚁分布规律。【方法】采用样地调查法研究滇西南地区蚂蚁物种的分布格局。【结果】共采集到蚁科昆虫10亚科65属188种,相较于南滚河国家级自然保护区,滇西南地区亚科数相近,物种数相等,属的丰富度更高。滇西南地区分布的蚂蚁物种超过半数生态适应幅度狭窄,栖息生境、觅食和筑巢场所类别有限。黄足尼兰蚁[Nylanderia flavipes(Smith)]、邵氏姬猛蚁[Hypoponera sauteri Wheeler]和宽结摇蚁[Erromyrma latinodis(Mayr)]的垂直分布范围最大(海拔高差1750 m),栖息于季风常绿阔叶林的蚂蚁物种(112种)、地表觅食的蚂蚁物种(140种)和在土壤内筑巢的蚂蚁物种(87种)最为丰富。【结论】分析认为蚂蚁物种的分布格局主要受物种适应能力、海拔、气候、植被类型和丰富度影响。多数蚂蚁喜欢低海拔和食物资源丰富的环境,适宜的温度和湿度条件更有利于蚂蚁栖息。研究结果对滇西南生物多样性保护具有参考价值。
[Purpose]To reveal the distribution regularity of ants in southwestern Yunnan.[Method]Distribution patterns of ant species in southwestern Yunnan were surveyed by plot-sampling method.[Results]Totally 188 species belonging to 10 subfamilies and 65 genera of the family Formicidae were identified.Comparing with Nangunhe National Nature Reserve,the numbers of subfamilies and species in southwestern Yunnan were similar,equal number of species but the genera were more abundant.More than half of the ant species distributed in southwestern Yunnan had narrow ecological adaptation range,limited categories of habitats,foraging and nesting sites.Nylanderia flavipes(Smith),Hypoponera sauteri Onoyama and Erromyrma latinodis(Mayr)had the widest vertical distribution range(1750 m).The monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest was richest in ant species(112 species).Most species foraged on the ground(140 species)and nested in the soil(87species).[Conclusion]Distribution pattern of ant species are mainly affected by species adaptabil-ity,altitude,climate,vegetation type and richness.Most ants like the environment with low altitude and abundant food resources.Appropriate temperature and humidity are more beneficial for their life.The results have valuable reference for the conservation of biodiversity in southwestern Yunnan.
作者
郭宁妍
钱昱含
徐正会
张力
张宁
李海斌
蒋华
郝永强
GUO Ningyan;QIAN Yuhan;XU Zhenghui;ZHANG Li;ZHANG Ning;LI Haibin;JIANG Hua;HAO Yongqiang(Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province,College of Biodiversity Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期10-23,共14页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31860615)
国家自然科学基金委员会应急管理项目子课题(31750002)
国家科学技术部科技基础性工作专项重点项目子课题(2015FY210300)。
关键词
蚁科
垂直分布
栖息生境
觅食
筑巢
Formicidae
vertical distribution
habitat
forage
nest
