摘要
单细胞测序技术是目前解码组织、器官、细胞、分子异质性的重要热门工具,其主要基于二代测序技术,根据其检测对象可分为单细胞基因组学测序技术、单细胞表观组学测序技术、单细胞转录组学测序技术,以及可同时解析多个组学的单细胞多组学测序技术。表观遗传学是连接基因组学和细胞表型的重要调控环节,其可通过染色质的可及性、DNA和组蛋白的修饰、核小体的排列、染色质的三维构象等发挥转录调控等作用。目前,已开发了多种检测不同表观层面的单细胞测序新技术,绘制了多种组织、器官、细胞的多个表观层面异质性的图谱,初步阐述了细胞转录异质性的表观决定机制。未来的新技术和新算法,以及单细胞测序技术在生命科学和医学疾病中的应用,将有望深度解码组织、器官、细胞、分子的异质性以及异质性的调控机制。
Single-cell sequencing technologies are important hot tools for decoding the heterogeneity of tissues,organs,cells and molecules,mainly based on the next-generation sequencing technology.It mainly includes single-cell genome sequencing,single-cell epigenome sequencing and single-cell transcriptome sequencing,along with the multi-omics single-cell sequencing technology.Epigenetics is an important regulatory link between genomics and cell phenotype.It plays a role in transcriptional regulation through chromatin accessibility,DNA and histone modification,nucleosome arrangement and three-dimensional conformation of chromatin.At present,researchers have developed a variety of single-cell sequencing techniques at epigenetic level,plotted multiple heterogeneity atlases at epigenetic level for several tissues,organs and cells,and have also primarily illuminated the determinant mechanisms for the heterogeneity of cell transcription at epigenetic level.In the future,with the applications of new single-cell sequencing technologies and new algorithms in life science and medical sicences,it is expected that the heterogeneity and the underlying molecular mechanisms of tissues,organs,cells and molecules will be decoded deeply.
作者
倪兵
高维武
NI Bing;GAO Weiwu(Department of Pathophysiology,Faculty of High Altitude Military Medicine,Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,400038,China;Institute of Immunology,College of Basic Medical Sciences,Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,400038,China)
出处
《陆军军医大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期74-78,共5页
Journal of Army Medical University
基金
中国科协青年人才托举工程项目(2019QNRC001)
陆军军医大学科技创新能力提升专项(2019XYY05,2020XQN02)。
关键词
单细胞测序
表观组学
转录组学
二代测序
异质性
single-cell sequencing
epigenome
transcriptome
next-generation sequencing
heterogeneity
