摘要
针对城镇内涝防治采用市政排水与水利排涝两级排涝模式,提出一套合理解决两级排涝标准衔接的理论体系与方法。通过剖析市政排水与水利排涝衔接的本质,揭示市政排水标准和水利排涝标准的衔接存在两类风险:市政排水不能及时排除水利排涝标准内的暴雨涝水,水利排涝不能将市政排水标准内的暴雨涝水有效蓄存或及时排出。两类衔接风险存在的机理是客观存在两类暴雨过程:对于高强度的短历时大暴雨,水利排涝历时暴雨不超标情况下市政排水历时暴雨超标;对于强度不高的长历时大暴雨,市政排水历时暴雨不超标情况下水利排涝历时暴雨超标。由此构建两级排涝标准的衔接风险分析模型,基于Copula函数给出求解方法。以广州市中心城区为例,对市政排水标准与水利排涝标准的衔接风险进行研究,结果表明:第一类衔接风险较大,且随市政排水标准的提升而显著减小;第二类衔接风险较小,且随水利排涝标准的提高而减小。目前广州市中心城区市政管网的排水标准为1年一遇至3年一遇,水利排涝标准为20年一遇,第一类衔接风险不低于15.63%,第二类衔接风险不到1%。可通过完善排水管网、建设城镇涝水行泄通道和优化运行管理等综合措施提高市政排水标准,若市政排水达到10年一遇或20年一遇标准时,第一类衔接风险均值可降至4.42%或2.26%。
In view of the two-step drainage mode of municipal drainage and water conservancy drainage in urban local flood control, a set of theoretical systems and methods was put forward to reasonably solve the problem of two-step drainage standard matching. By investigation of the nature of the connection between municipal drainage and water conservancy drainage, it was revealed that there are two kinds of risks resulting from design standard matching between municipal drainage and water conservancy drainage: the municipal drainage system cannot timely drain the rainstorm within the design standard of water conservancy drainage into the urban river network;the water conservancy drainage system cannot timely drain the rainstorm within the design standard of municipal drainage into the external receiving water body or retain it in the urban river network. The causation of the two kinds of risks was also revealed: under the condition that rainstorm within the water conservancy drainage duration does not exceed the design value, the rainstorm within the municipal drainage duration exceeds the design value;under the condition that rainstorm within the municipal drainage duration does not exceed the design value, the rainstorm within the water conservancy drainage duration exceeds the design value. Thereby, the risk analysis model for analyzing the two-stage standard matching relationship was established based on the two kinds of matching risks, and finally, a set of methods for solving the model was proposed based on the Copula function. A case study on the standard matching between municipal drainage and water conservancy drainage in Guangzhou downtown was conducted. The results indicated that the first kind of matching risk is relatively high and decreases significantly with the improvement of the municipal drainage standard;the second kind of matching risk is low and decreases with the improvement of the water conservancy drainage standard. At present, the drainage standard of municipal pipe network in Guangzhou downtown is formulated regarding the design rainstorm occurring once every one to three years, and the water conservancy drainage standard is formulated regarding the design rainstorm occurring once every 20 years, therefore, the first kind of matching risk is not less than 15.63%, while the second kind of matching risk is less than 1%. Comprehensive measures, such as source control, improvement of drainage pipe network, construction of urban waterlogged drainage channel, and optimization of operation management, should be taken to improve the municipal drainage standard. If the municipal drainage can reach the standard of once-in-a-decade or once-in-two-decade rainstorm by adopting comprehensive measures, the average value of the first kind of matching risk can be reduced to 4.42% or 2.26%.
作者
刘曾美
熊腮敏
雷勇
胡海英
LIU Zengmei;XIONG Saimin;LEI Yong;HU Haiying(School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Safety and Greenization for Water Conservancy Project,Guangzhou 510640,China;Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute,Pearl River Water Conservancy Commission,Guangzhou 511430,China)
出处
《水资源保护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期125-132,共8页
Water Resources Protection
基金
广东省水利科技创新项目(2016-27,2011-18)
水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室开放研究基金(1113)。
关键词
城镇内涝治理
市政排水
水利排涝
标准衔接
COPULA函数
广州市
urban local flood control
municipal drainage
water conservancy drainage
design standard matching
Copula function
Guangzhou City
