摘要
【目的】开展木结构古建筑常用树种木材微损检测曲线量化研究,探讨基于曲线比对的木材树种鉴定方法,以实现古建筑木构件用材树种现场识别。【方法】以古建筑木构件常用落叶松、杉木、松木、杨木等树种木材为研究对象,利用阻抗仪获取相关树种木材的阻抗仪检测曲线,通过曲线整体均值、曲线占比和曲线走势量化分析,给出微损探测获取木构件树种信息的方法和识别思路。【结果】以多基准的木材微损检测曲线数据库为基础,通过待识别曲线的比对分析,可实现木结构古建筑常用落叶松、杉木、松木、杨木等木材树种的初步鉴定,后续应在微损参数设计、基础数据库扩容以及比对算法完善方面加以改进。基于微损检测曲线进行木材树种比对,若木材密度相差较大,可分析曲线高低直接区分;若木材密度接近但曲线峰谷变化差异大,可根据曲线占比和曲线走势区分;若木材密度和曲线占比均接近,需综合古建筑历史记录、木材取材信息以及其他特征加以确定。实际应用中,结合传统取样鉴定结果并将取样构件的微损检测曲线增列至数据库,可提高识别精度。【结论】古建筑木构件用材树种现场识别是针对文物建筑特点的一种适宜性保护鉴定技术,该技术基于限定范围内木材微损检测曲线的相似度比对确定树种结果,可作为传统鉴定手段的有效补充。
【Objective】To realize the on-site identification of wood species in wooden ancient buildings,the micro-destructive curves of common wood species of wooden components were quantitatively studied,and the relevant comparison method based on micro-destructive curves was also discussed.【Method】In this paper,the commonly used wood species,larch,Chinese fir,pine and poplar in wooden components of ancient buildings were taken as the research objects.The resistograph test curves of the related wood species were obtained by using resistograph detector.The identification method and idea of wood species information of wooden components in ancient buildings based on micro-destructive testing were proposed through quantitative research on mean value,ratio,trend of micro-destructive curves of relevant wood species.【Result】The results indicated that the commonly used wood species,larch,Chinese fir,pine and poplar in wooden components of ancient buildings can be preliminarily identified through similarity comparison between on-site testing curves and multiple wood micro-destructive curves database.The next step research should be focused on improving the micro-destructive parameter design,basic database expansion and comparison method.The identification of wood species was carried out by the comparison the micro-destructive curves.When the density of wood species varies greatly,the identification can be obtained directly from the height of the curves.When the density of wood species is similar,but the peak and valley of curves have large differences,the identification can be obtained through curves ratio and curves trend.Furthermore,when the density of wood species and the curves ratio are similar,the identification should be confirmed through historical information of ancient buildings,wood sampling information and other features of the curves.At last,the identification accuracy in actual application can be improved by combining the traditional identification results and by adding the micro-destructive curves of wooden components to database.【Conclusion】The wood species of on-site identification technology of wooden components in ancient buildings is a proper protection identification technology based on the characteristics of historical and cultural relics.The technology can be used to identify wood species by similarity comparison of wood micro-destructive curves under certain rules and constraints,which can be used as an effective complemental way to the traditional identification method.
作者
袁霄
陈勇平
唐启恒
郭文静
Yuan Xiao;Chen Yongping;Tang Qiheng;Guo Wenjing(Research Institute of Wood Industry,CAF,Beijing 100091;Research Institute of Forestry New Technology,CAF,Beijing 100091)
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第12期122-131,共10页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2020YFC1522402)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2019SY033)。
关键词
古建筑
木构件
木材树种
微损探测
木材识别
ancient building
wooden components
wood species
micro-destructive testing
wood identification
