摘要
2011年英国政府颁布了《地方主义法》,其出台宣告了区域空间战略的废除,邻里发展规划作为新的规划层次被引入,社区邻里成为重要的治理单元和主体。这一规划改革意味着英国城乡规划体系从自上而下单向治理模式演变为自上而下与自下而上并行的双向治理模式,进而形成了不同层级间的传导和反馈互动机制。本文首先回顾英国邻里发展规划的背景、演变与特征,对大伦敦区域邻里发展规划开展现状的空间分布差异及其影响因子进行定量测度,就典型地区的规划制定与实施特征进行对比研究,并梳理当前英国社区发展规划的得失,总结英国特大城市社区治理的路径及其对我国相关规划与建设的借鉴意义。
The Localism Act 2011 demonstrates a shift from regional plans and structure plans towards neighbourhood development plans(NDPs)as a new planning layer where neighbours are increasingly essential unties for local governance.This shift demonstrates dual objectives:centralising power to promote more development on the one hand;and devolving other powers down to the local,and the interactions between these two aims characterising of the UK's current planning system.This paper reviews the backdrop in which the concept of NDP was born and how it has been employed in refined neighbourhoods within London's urban and rural areas for demonstrating the varying features of NDPs across spaces and cases.It ends with a discussion on the initial approaches to NDPs as a planning tool for any emerging communities in modern megacities as a reference.
作者
沈尧
徐怡怡
罗伟斌
杨滔
Shen Yao;Xu Yiyi;Law Stephen;Yang Tao
出处
《国际城市规划》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期12-21,共10页
Urban Planning International
关键词
地方主义
邻里发展规划
社区治理
规划体系
特大城市
Localism
Neighbourhood Development Plan
Community Governance
Planning System
Megacity
